Synthesis And Properties Of Long Alkyl Chains Hyperbranched Organic Molecules

Hyperbranched polymer is a new type of functional macromolecule compound. Due to its peculiar proterties, such as low viscosity, non-entanglement and a large number of active end groups, hyperbranched polymer has been in a much more favorable position than other polymer in macromolecule science.This thesis has synthesized different generations hyperbranched molecules with different fatty amine cores by means of Michael addition reaction and amidation condensation reaction with ethylenediamine and methyl acrylate as raws by divergent method. The reaction conditions of hyperbranched molecules synthesized have also been optimized, which are including the effect of reaction temperature, reaction time and reaction molar ratio. It shows that the best reaction conditions of R12-0.5G are reaction time 24h, reaction temperature 25℃, the molar ratio of methyl acrylate and dodecylamine 8:1, yield 97.48%; and those of R12-1.0G are reaction time 24h, reaction temperature 25℃, reaction molar ratio of ethylenediamine and R12-0.5G 8:1, yield: 98.2%. The best reaction conditions of R18-0.5G are reaction time 24h, reaction temperature 60℃, reaction molar ratio of methyl acrylate and octadecyl-amine 8:1, yield, 98.32%; and those of R18-1.0G are reaction time 24h, reaction temperature 60℃, reaction molar ratio of ethylenediamine and R18-0.5G 60:1, yield 99.11%. Adopting infrared spectrum (IR) and element analysis means to characterize their structures, the results indicate that the products are in conformity with their theory structures.The thesis has explored tentatively the performance of dodecyl hyperbranched molecule synthesized. The surface tension of R12-1.0G dodecyl hyperbranched molecule in aqueous solution at 25℃is measured by drop-volume method. And the influence of pH has also been studied, the results showed that the surface tension of R12-1.0G falls as decreasing of pH. The ability of R12-1.0G to increase the solution of toluene is investigated as well. It shows a good solubility enhancement effect. The performance of R12-1.0G as phase transferable agent translating dyes from water phase into organic phase is explored. Selecting two dyes as the guest molecules, the highest extraction yields are 41.07% and 84.26% respectively, when the mass concentrations of dodecanoic and the dyes are settled, the extraction yields of dyes are enhancing while increasing the concentration of R12-1.0G.