Research On The Microbial Community Functional Diversity During The Treatment Of Pharmaceutical Wastewater

The wastewater treatment process of the Northeast Pharmaceutical Company was simulated in the laboratory, and The process was hydrolysis acidification(HA)-activated sludge-biological aerated filter(BAF) process. The units is acclimatized for 30days and operated for another 30 days steadily. Observing the biological phase periodically, measuring the value of effluent indexes as well as analysing the organics of the wastewater with full scan were done during the whole experiment. The absorbency values at 590nm of the seed sludge and the three units'biological phase were measured with the Biolog ECO plate, and then the data was analysed using principal component analysis(PCA) in the end of stable operation period. Finally the microbial carbon resources utilization diversity was analysed.During the sludge acclimatization period, the sludge volume increased in the hydrolysis acidification tank, the bubbles emitted from the sludge continuously. The sludge which was incompact and inactive turned to the one which was dense and highly active. The microbial phase of the sludge grew well, and protozoa and metazoa emerged in it in succession. The removal efficiency of the pollutants increased gradually with the cultivating and acclimatizing time went on, the removal efficiencies of COD and BOD were more than 60%. The biologiacal phase of crockary particles was acclimatized effectively, the removal efficiencies of COD and BOD were more than 80%..The disposal effect of the units towards the pollutants was good, and the total removal efficiencies of COD and BOD were more than 90% during the stable operation period. The analysis of the full-scan data as well as the change law of chloridion, sulfate, phosphate indicated that the organic pollutants were degraded into inorganic matters or used by microbial for growth.According to the analysis of the full-scan data, 125 organic components could be detected in the influent, 48 organic components could be detected in the effluent of hydrolysis acidification tank, and 11 organic components could be detected respectively in the effluent of activated sludge tank and BAF tank. The detect results show that there were benzene series, chlorobenzenes, chloralkanes, alkanes, terpenes, ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, naphthalenes as well as some organics which contain chlorine, bromine, sulfer, phosphorus. The retention time lasted to 41 minutes, and the matching degree is high. The kinds of organics and its content in the hydrolysis acidification tank effluent reduce obviously, and some of them converted into the new organics. However, only 11 organics could be detected in the effluent of activated sludge tank and BAF tank.The microbial diversity of the seed sludge and the three units was analyzed with BIOLOG ECO plate. The results show that there were some differences among the metabolism degree of the four microbial phase. The stagnation period of the microbial phases in activated sludge tank and BAF tank was shorter than the other two, but their average activity was lower during the stable operation period.The microbial phase diversity was analyzed by adopting three diversity indexes in ecology. The results show that the richness and evenness of the microbe community is similar, but the most common species of the microbial community is different.The absorbency values at 590nm in the ECO plate at the time of 12h,48h,60h,96h,144h were analyzed with PCA. The results show the microbial phase distance is far as a results of the different microbial phase diversity. With the incubation time went on, the microbial phases of the seed sludge, activated sludge, BAF biofilm got more closer and their change tended to one direction. It show there was potential consistency of the community structure and quantity in the three microbial phases. This was because the activated sludge and BAF bioflim was domesticated under aerobic conditions and the units was serial, so there was microbial drift phenomenon and the microbial diversity is similar. But sludge of the hydrolysis acidification was domesticated under anoxic condition, and dominated microbial was anaerobes and facultative bacteria, so that it shows different diversity with the three other microorganisms.The absorbency values at 590nm at the time of 60h was analyzed with PCA to compare the utilization of the 31 carbon resources in ECO plate. The results show the carbon resources that the four microbial phases utilized most differently were L-Threonine, Glycyl-L-glutamic acid, N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, Itaconic acid,α-Ketobutyric Acid. The seed sludge could easily use L-Asparagine, L-Serine, L-Arginine. The sludge of hydrolysis acidification tank could easily utilize N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-Cellobiose, D-Mannitol, b-Methyl-D-Glucoside. Activated sludge could fast make use of L-Asparagine, L-Phenylalanine, b-Methyl-D-Glucoside, Phenylethylamine, Itaconic acid. The results show that the microbial community structure, species and the quantity is different, so the microbial diversity is different.