The Templates In Synthesis Of Cucurbit[n]uril And The Inquisition Of Cucurbit[n]uril Derivatives

In order to revise the shortcoming in the preparation of cucurbituril, such as difficult separationhard and low productivity, it was prepared by templates. The proportionality of cucurbit[n]uril(n=5,6,7,8) will be changed because of the templates in synthesis of cucurbit[n]uril. Some will change more and some others will change less than the synthesis absent templates. The difficulty of separation was decreased and the rate of production and purity were improved.K⁺, NH₄⁺ Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Cu²⁺, Ba²⁺and Cd²⁺ were chosen as templates in the synthesis of cucurbit[n]uril. Temperature, acidity and the dosage of templates as the influencing factor were discussed. The optimum response temperature of templates was defined. It is 110℃ when K⁺ and NH₄⁺ act as template. 120℃ is the optimum response temperature to Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Cu²⁺, and 130℃ to Ba²⁺ and Cd²⁺. The ratio of template with glycoluril is 0.5:1. The cucurbit[n]uril was identified using IR and ¹H NMR and the proportionality of cucurbit[n]uril were confirmed. CB[5] has been synthesized and isolated as an unusual, water insoluble potassium salt complex. Its yield was 50%and purity is 99%. The using of templates in producing cucurbit[n]uril proved its yield and purity.The cucurbit[n]uril derivatives were investigated in this article and two derivatives were synthesized. Me₁₀CB[5] was synthesized by glycoluril derivatives reacting with formaldehyde, with optimized condition determined as: the ratio of glycoluril derivative with concentrated hydrochloric acid is 195mg/ml; reaction temperature is 100℃; reaction time is 3h, and maximized yield was 11%, the purity is 93%. On the basis of these condition, the template KC1 improved yield as 15.5%. (HO)_2nCB[n] was prepared by K₂S₂O₈ acting cucurbit[n]uril, with optimized condition determined as: with the protection of N₂, reaction temperature is 85℃; reaction time is 9h; the ratio of K₂S₂O₈ with cucurbit[n]uril is 10, and maximized yield was 43%, the purity is 96%. The influencing factors in the synthesis of cucurbit[n]uril derivatives were discussed. The optimum reaction condition was optimized and confirmed. The two derivatives were identified using ¹H NMR and their configuration and purity were discussed.The characteristics of the two derivatives were investigated. And the application of them were attempted to investigate, especially the utilization in(HO)_2nCB[n]. The new cucurbit[n]uril derivative--(HO)_2nCB[n] allows further functionalization by conventional methods. It's adsorptive capacity of CO₂ was researched, and the data is 17ml per gram (HO)_2nCB[n].