| South-to-North Water Diversion is an important project in our country which has important strategic significance. The Central Route Project of South to North Water Diversion fundamentally solves the water resources short problem in North China. Source of water area protection is the key part of the great project. Department of Soil and Water Conservation of the Changjiang River Commission took the action of Prevention and protection project of central Route Project of South to North Water Diversion in 2003. This project includes several ten counties of Hubei, Henan, Sichuan and Shaanxi province. Cheng Gu county, Yang county, Ning Shan county, Zhen Ping county, Zha shui county and Zhen An county were ranked the first batches of priority county of prevention and protection project.Based on the 3S technology and Landscape ecology theory, this paper chosen the Bandeng river Valley of ChengGu county as the typical study area and systemically studied the regional landscape pattern, providing scientific basis for source of water area protection of the water diversion project.Using the method of RS image analysis, investigation in the field and interior experiment, as well as image interpretation in supervised classification way and GIS spatial database analysis, with the emphasis on the landscape ecology appraising analysis system, The paper, quantificationally and qualitatively, analyzed the landscape pattern change and accomplished some main contents below:1. Landscape change study with landscape ecology theory.2. The effect analysis of ecological environment based on 13. Bringing forward different ecological restored measures according to different landscape type systems.The primary conclusions were drawn as follows:1. According to the principle of landscape classification, the whole valley landscape was divided into three-class types. With the change of research scale, every type adopts different dominant factors, and there is a certain interrelation between each class of type which makes up of a relatively scientific and systematic regional landscape classification system.2. Under the analysis of the change of the classâ… landscapes area and structure, the paper got that the Bandeng river valley have been interrupted frequently by people, and influenced seriously during the late ten years. From 1994 to 2000, the natural landscape reduced greatly and the ratio from 80.3% to 58.74%. The area of operating landscape increased by more than twice. Since 2000, the natural landscape of the Bandeng river valley have been developed to some extent, its area has increased by 8.54km~2, up to 8.66% and the out-of-order development of the operating landscape has been controlled, occupying 30.91% of entire valley area.3. By analyzing the spatial character of the classâ…¡landscape, it found that the land cover has been changed evidently in recent ten years.â‘ From 1994 to 2004, the general landscape speckle piece numbers obviously increased.â‘¡Low landscape diversity, high advantage degree, low degree of homogeneity in 1994, but in 2000 high landscape diversity, low advantage degree, high degree of homogeneity.â‘¢According to the analysis of Average speckle piece density, Broken degree exponent and Separation degree exponent, we got that the landscape broken index of the Bandeng river valley increased from 1994 to 2004, among the landscape speckle piece types, the broken degree of three landscape speckle piece types (artificial woodland, dry land, grassland) were high and affected by the people's action easily.â‘£By the analysis of the trend of landscape area change, we got that the main field types were two increase two decrease in the late ten years of Bandeng fiver valley.4. According to the survey of classâ…¢landscape, it found that natural secondary forest was influenced slightly by people, fine ecological environment and low loss of soil and water, it is a good landscape type. The most unstable landscape is the grassland which has unitary structure, bad ecological environment and thin soil layer and low organic quality, it is urgently needed to be reformed and protected.5. The "3S" technology provided powerful support for the data analysis in this paper. Also some new experiences has been obtained: the image interpretation provided some information to distinguish patches guided by the GPS, the auto translation combined with the manpower visual translation and surveillance classification combined with the non-surveillance classification when using the ERDAS IMAGINE 8.5 software.
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