Synthesis Of Penetrating Agent AZONE And THIAZONE

In this paper, AZONE and THIAZONE were the object products which weresynthesized through two-step of bromination and N-alkylation. Bromododecane, butylbromide, caprolactam, saccharin sodium, and so on were used as starting materials. Manyfactors which effect the reaction, such as reaction temperature and reaction time, ratio ofmaterials, the amounts of solvent have been studied. The target products werecharacterized by IR, ~1H-NMR and MS.The optimal reaction conditions of synthesizing bromododecane are that reactiontemperature is about 135℃and the reaction time is 4.5h; the amount of TBAB as catalystis about 0.2%, the ratio of materials (lauryl alcohol/hydrobromic acid/concentratedsulphuric acid)is 1:2.5:1.2. The yield of bromododecane is 91.9%. Then under the optimumreaction condition that the reaction time is 4.5 hour, the temperature is 85℃, the amountsof solvent is 30mL and the ratio of materials (caprolactam/bromododecane)is 1:1.1,AZONE is received in catalysis of potassium hydroxide impregnated on alumina supporter.The yield of AZONE is 87.9%. The optimal reaction conditions of synthesizing butylbromide are that reaction temperature is about 100℃and the reaction time is 2h; the ratioof materials (n-butanol/hydrobromic acid/concentrated sulphuric acid)is 1:1.4:1.4. Theyield of butyl bromide is 84.6%. Then under the optimum reaction condition that thereaction time is 12 hour, the temperature is 100℃, the amounts of solvent is 20mL and theratio of materials (saccharin sodium/butyl bromide)is 1.2:1, THIAZONE is received incatalysis of phase transfer catalysis. The yield of THIAZONE is 87.7%.