| Karst covers about 4.26×105km2 in southwestern China, and Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi Province lie in the center, whose areas that are the baring and mantling are 3.21×105km2 and accounting 39.71% for their total area. These areas have a population of 1×108 and minority nationalities account for about 2×107.There are 48 different nationalities residing in these areas, and they are the most poverty-stricken in China, accounting for half the country's total poverty.The karst rocky desertification is one kind of typical land degeneration question that has occurred in southwestern China in recent centuries. The process is expanding at the astonishing speed, and it is daily reducing the living space of residents and is the root main of the natural disaster occurring frequently and poor backwardness, which is also the core questions restricting and fettering local social economy sustainable development. And it seriously threatens people's survival environment also.The karst rocky desertification area in Guizhou is the area, which population density is so large, and it is simultaneously the region where the impoverished population are more centralized. The karst rocky desertification has brought the serious influence for countryside people's survival, the production and the living in particular, and has hindered social economy sustainable development of the entire province. Therefore, synthesis preventing and restoration measures of karst rocky desertification are urgent to be taken in Guizhou Province, and carrying on researching in preventing and restoration optimization for karst rocky desertification is an urgent and essential work.The essence of rocky desertification manifests not only in the degeneration in certain surface cover type but also in landscape spatial structure and function degeneration that is more important, thus which causes the dropping of landscape overall ecology in quality, such as soil erosion, biodiversity reduce, the losing of rare and precious zoology and botany resources, as well as the ant-jamming ability reduce, including artificial and natural disturbance and so on.The preventing and restoration optimization of karst rocky desertification is one of essential guarantees that realize its land continually to use and management. However, since long ago, our country's rocky desertification preventing and restoration studies concentrate on forest coverage ratio, the proportion of slope farming land and so on, which has neglected the fact that the land utilization space pattern has influence on many ecology processes, like animal's migration, surface water runoff, corrosion, species multiplicity, as well as disturbance dissemination or edge effect and so on.In recent years, it has formed a set of mature landscape ecology plan method system and made the land utilization pattern and the change research become a hot spot and research attention in karst rocky desertification preventing and restoration optimization, along with landscape ecology development and consummation and in land utilization disposition application. Therefore, there is no doubt that to seek landscape ecology plan of the human activity and the nature coordination on basis of landscape ecology and the eco-economy principle is an important way to develop rocky desertification region'economy and protect its ecology.The author has used ecology, the landscape ecology, the natural conservation, the ecology, the systems science, correlation knowledge and so on region sustainable development, specially the landscape optimizes theory, with the aid of the 3S technology, and carried on the optimized design for the preventing and restoration optimization of karst rocky desertification in Guizhou Province. The primary coverage summary is as follows:⑴The author has investigated the essential ecological factors in Guizhou Province, evaluated and proved from the landform type, the climatic conditions, the soil condition, the hydrology condition, the vegetation condition, the natural landscape characteristic, the social economy condition, land utilization present situation and so on many aspects, analysis carefully the main question of ecological environment construction Guizhou Province have to face, and laid the solid foundation for preventing and restoration optimization of karst rocky desertification.⑵The author has discussed and made clear about the theory of preventing and restoration optimization of karst rocky desertification, determined the whole optimized, the coordinated paragenesis, the function highly effective, the tendency development, the ecological equilibrium, the protection multiplicity, the regional differentiation and so on several important principles, analyzed and elaborated the ecology theory, the landscape ecology theory, the natural conservation theory, the econology theory, the systems science theory, the region sustainable development theory and so on in the application of preventing and restoration optimization of karst rocky desertification, introduced the correlation landscape indexes computational method and the ecology significance.⑶The author has chosen the typical karst rocky desertification area, and carried on the discussion on the relations of population factors distribution and rocky desertification. It is found that the rocky desertification severity has close relations with the population density, peasant households'gathering degree and strong workforce quantity, which have not relations with other people indexes. In serious rocky desertification area, the indexes are relatively lower, such as population density, peasant's households'gathering degree and workforce quantity. The population in karst mountain area is mainly distributed in relatively light rocky desertification region; however, the proportion of potential rocky desertification is higher in this kind of region, which deserves paying much more attention.⑷In order to reflect clearly the provincial characteristics intuitively of karst rocky desertification, manifest the different technical measures in the difficult degree aspect of taking back from agriculture to forest or grass, government of the soil erosion and ecology repair project and so on, express the quantitative degree of land degeneration of different grades of rocky desertification and the corresponding ecology value, the author unified the rocky desert landscape pattern and its land ecology value distributing frequency, And from the ecosystem service function angle, the author quantitative calculated the relative ecology value of the corresponding karst rocky desert land and appraised the research area rocky desert land ecology effect. The result indicated that, different region overall ecology value is different. The ecology value relative good area mainly concentrate in the non- karst region, but in moderate, the intensity, the extremely intensity rocky desertification area ecology value very are extremely low.⑸The author has made clear the goal of preventing and restoration optimization of karst rocky desertification, proposed the countermeasures and the patterns, elaborated preventing and restoration optimization of the different intensity rocky desertification, analysis and appraised to the entire province landscape indexes, referencing district result of "Synthesis Preventing and Restoration Plan of Karst Rocky Desertification In Guizhou Province", evaluated landscape multiple indexes of entire province and various regions stone desert difference along with referencing district result of "Synthesis Preventing and Restoration Plan of Karst Rocky Desertification In Guizhou Province ", proposed the direction of landscape restore and preventing and restoration optimization.⑹The author has unified the research demonstration of key small basin, taken synthesis preventing and restoration of different grades of rocky desertification as the countermeasure, taken synthesis preventing and restoration of Light, Moderate, Strong and Extremely Strong of rocky desertification synthesis preventing and restoration as the breach, taken ecology repair as the key point, taken water conservation and the basic farmland construction, measures of karst water resources project, science dispositions energy construction and ecology immigration in the countryside as the technical support, integrated biology, project, management, safeguard in the system, to formed synthesis preventing and restoration optimization system which goal and level is clear.⑺According to the essential features and directions of preventing and restoration of various areas, the author has determined priority region and project in deferent stages. According to the urgencies of rocky desertification'government light, the author has divided into three stages of science plan project progress, such as the near future, the intermediate stage (earlier period, mid and late part), the forward stage to implemented with the plan step by step. Meanwhile, The author has carried on the real diagnosis analysis in preventing and restoration optimization of the key basin, appraised and elaborated preventing and restoration optimization plan of rocky desertification and its implementation provided the proof and reference for the reconstruction and restore of rocky desertification.
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