Application Of Remote Sensing And Ground Investigation On Eco-environment Impact Assessment

With the development of natural economy,the road construction of our country gets a rapid progress. The influence of road construction on environment has increasingly been focused. The environmental problems of road construction on Project are mostly embodied in those Problems of water, air,sound and ecology. Comparatively speaking,the assessment methods on the eco-environmental lag behind others, and the present methods give Priority to qualitative description while the quantitative indexes are less,and even can not be quantitated,the reliability of the assessments methods on ecology have been effected to Some extent.This paper took the DaFanPu-QingShuiHe road construction project as an example,analyzed the effects of road construction on the vegetation resource productivity along the line quantitatively with the method of ground investigation,on the other hand,analyzed the effects of road construction on land use spatial structure and landscape pattern with the theory of landscape ecology, which proposed some effective measurement on assesing the environmental impact on eco-environmental.It showed that:(1) There are 85 different plant species distributed along the road line, which belong to 27 families. Dominance families include Compositae, Legume, Gramineae, Chenopodiaceae and Rosaceae. During construction, agricultural crop will be lost 10.29t/a, grassland vegetation will be lost 8.76t/a, shrub forest will be lost 4.17t/a, total lost 23.22t/a. After construction, agricultural crop will be lost 5.29t/a, grassland vegetation will be lost 6.57t/a, shrub forest will be lost 1.01t/a, total lost 15.87t/a.(2) Grassland showed the highest dominance, which reached to 54.2%.it was the basis of the appraisal area, which decide the eco-environment quality. After construction, big patch will be divided into many small pieces, but grassland still showed the highest dominance , which approved road construction will not change the Landscape pattern.(3) By using ground investigation and remote sensing investigation, the precisitiom of assessmen can be enhanced.