Investigationgs On Properties Of Chemical Dust Suppressants And Development Of A New Wetting Agent

This paper chosen Yellow River Sand as experiment materials, analysed basic properties of the materials. Through comparing the characteristics of different methods for testing the properties of wetting agents, chosen dynamic experiment method. It was of special interest the effect wetting agents have on suppression of dust and by which mechanism it works. Moreover, a new wetting agent was created based on the former analysis and investigations had been taken out to analyse and compare its property.The obtained results showed that the water flow rate, the concentration and the kind of the wetting agent influenced the dust suppression. However, not the biggest concentration and the highest water flow leaded to the best results. It existed an optimum concentration and an optimum flow rate at which the dust emission in lowest. The three used wetting agents had different water affinity groups, therefore had different effect on dust suppression. It was found that using sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid and sodium dodecyl sulphate in the ratio 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.10%, 0.05% leaded to a new powerful wetting agent which was able to suppress at the highest 41%, at the optimum flow rate 21% more dust in comparison with water. This new created wetting agent also suppressed at every flow rate more dust than any of the other three used agents. The arrangement of dust suppression ability was as followed: new wetting agent > sodium dodecyl sulfate > sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid > sodium succinate. The particle size had also an influence on the dust emission. The application of wetting agent on large particles showed a better result than on small particles; however the new created agent showed significant improvement in dust suppression on large and small particles. Due to different effective periods of dust particles and fluids, the results obtained by capillary vessel osmosis process and by dynamic experiment methods differed from each other. As the dynamic model was actually a spray system and therefore leaded directly to an effect on dust suppression, this method can be regarded prior to others.