Ecological Risk Assessment For Antaibao Opencast Coal Mine Area

Taking the basic theories of the ecological risk evaluation and the monitoring data of the entironment as foundation, the selected ecological risk factors has been analyzed, and the ecological risk of the Antaibao opencast coal mine district has been researched, which belongs to Pingshuo Coal Industry Corporation.According to data analysis, the ecological risk sources of Antaibao opencast coal mine area were made certain: The heavy metals pollution, air pollution and opencast mine area ecological risk; According as the circumstance of risk source, soil and animal, plant, water circle system and nearby residents and staff member were selected to be the body that subjected to the risk, and then the status which they exposed under the risk factor were analyzed; Three kinds of risk sources of strip mine area were evaluated respectively through the following methods, the latent ecological risk index method advanced by Hakanson.L., the danger degree quantitative evaluation method, and, the ecological index, ecological friability degree index and ecological loss degree index; The uncertainties of possible emergence in the process of ecological risk assessment were analyzed and discussed.The results indicate: There is ecological risk existed in the heavy metals pollution of the Antaibao strip mine area soil, and the degree is slightly as a whole; There is no obvious regulation in the distribution of risk of the heavy metals pollution, and the main ecological risk factors of the heavy metals pollution in the soil of the opencast mine area are Pb, As, Hg; There is a trend that the value of potential ecological risk index of heavy metals appeared to be incremental along with depth increment of soil layer within the scope of the depth of the 0-50 centimeters; In 2005, there are 571-2180 death, entitled the total excess death toll, caused by exposed under the PM₁₀ and the SO₂ of the ShuoZhou City, where the strip mine situated; The relationship of quantity-respond which crowd caused or aggravated a paroxysm because of depravation of atmosphere quality, is very obvious, and that of PM₁₀ is more obviously, means that it occupies obvious advantage in the contribution rate of total excess death toll resulted from pollution; The weak degree index of the inside dump field and digging field are all very high, and so is the whole mineral area ecosystem; The risk value of inside dump field is higher than that of the digging field. To sump up, the ecological risk of the Antaibao strip mine area is much strong, meanwhile, the conclusion that open-air mine area belongs to the highly weak ecosystem has been confirmed through the ecological risk evaluation.