Extraction Technique And Properties Of Ficus Pumila L. Seeds Pectin

The seeds and perianth of Ficus pumila L achene are good resources pectin,and they are of higher potential value in nutrient and medical,therefore their demands exceeds supply in the market both at home and abroad at present.As one kinds of natural extract,pectin has various physiology functions,and has been used in many trades in recent years.In this paper,the pectin from Ficus pumila L seeds was prepared by low-temperature water extract method,and its preparation technology and separation process had been experimentally.In addition,we had analysised the basic physicochemical properties,the rheological property and the oxidation resistance of the pectin obtained.Choosing the extraction content of pectin extracted by low-temperature water extract method(WEP)as an index,the best extracting process was selected with single factor method and orthogonal regression method.Meanwhile,pectin extracted by acid method(AEP)had also been prepared from Ficus pumila L seeds.Two separation methods that were ethanol precipitation-vacuum drying method and spray drying method of WEP were compared,and the qualities of the pectins prepared by this two separation processes were determined and compared.The results showed that the pectin obtained by spray drying had lower yield rate and purity, evenmore its color was rather deep.In the paper,such physical and chemical properties as basic component, solubility,sugar composition,molecular weight and structure of WEP were determined by conventional method,which were compared with AEP.The test results showed that WEP had shallower color,higher purity,lower content of ash and higher molecular weight than that of AEP.Moreover,we found that AEP and WEP had various saccharide composition and structure.The results of rheology test showed that the rheological behavior of WEP was pseudoplastic liquid and its rheological characteristic depended on such factors as concentration,pH values,metallic ions,heat treatment and agitation treatment. Comparison of the rheology WEP,AEP and two commerical pectins,WEP had a maximum viscosity with the same concentration,and only WEP showed positive-thixotropy and strong pH-sensitive and Ca²⁺-sensitivity.Finally,the antioxidant activity of pectins from Ficus pumila L seeds were studied by four different systems(the lipid of yolk,DPPH·,O₂^-·and·OH).The result showed WEP had obvious effect of scavenging DPPH·and possessed distinct inhibitory effect on the lipid peroxidation of yolk.However,WEP had shown lower scavenging action to O^2-·and OH^-·.At certain concentration,the antioxidant activities of WEP were higher than those of AEP in the four different systems.