Studies On The Antimicrobial Activities And Its Antiseptic Application Of Phyllanthus Emblica L.

Phyllanthus emblica L.is from Phyllanthus of Phyllanthus,there is much Phyllanthus emblica L.in China and it distributes in Yunnan Province,Guangxi Province,Guangdong Province,Fujian Province,Hainan Province,Taiwan Province,Sichuan Province,Guizhou Province.It has significant Edible and Medicinal Purpose because of containing lots of functional substance such as:vitamins, trace elements,flavonoids,Alkaloids,tannins and so on.In this paper the author studies the antimicrobial atlas of Phyllanthus emblica L.fruit,raw extraction process,separation of efficent components,structure identification and animicrobial properties and discusses the animicrobial properties as well as its factual application in processing from the antim- icrobial properties aspect.The mainly results are as following:1.The 70%ethanol extract shows almost no antimicrobial activities on mold,shows certain antimicrobial activities on Saccharomyces cerevisiae,shows strong antimicrobial activities on Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus proteus,Bacillus stearothermophi-lus, the comparison of antimicrobial activities sequence are:Bacillus stearothermophilus＞Bacillus proteus＞Staphylococcus aureus＞Escherichia coli＞Bacillus subtilis,the MIC values are:2.0%, 2.0%,2.0%,4.0%,4.0%,the MIC value of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 8.0%.2.Compare the different organic solvent extract effect,the best is Ethyl Acetate,but the cost is high and some extent toxicity,the 95%ethanol are better than other solvent,so the ethanol is the ideal solvent.From the cost and animicrobial properties consideration,the rate of solid to liquid is 1:6, the granularity is 40 mesh.Ethanol concentration,time,temperature have obvious effect on Phyllanthus emblica L are found in sole factor experiment;through the Orthogonal Test of Ethanol concentration, time,temperature,the best process parameters are:90%Ethanol,50℃,4h..3.Through three organic solvent extraction-separation and Pharmacological experiment,the active substance centerlize Ethyl Acetate,in butanol also have some,but in butanol there are some overlaping with Ethyl Acetate.in Ethyl Acetate the lowest fully restrain concentration on Sacchar- omyces cerevisiae,Bacillus stearothermophilus,Bacillus proteus,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coil,Bacillus subtilis are:4%,2%,2%,2%,2%,4%,the lowest antimicrobial concentration are: 2%,1%,1%,1%,1%,2%.After extraction the antimicrobial properties shows no obvious enhancement, so the raw extraction are choosed as antiseptic in food industry.In order to trace the antimicrobial properties substance of Phyllanthus emblica L.fruit,through column chromatography seperation in Ethyl Acetate,5 compents A,B,C,D,E are gained,through antimicrobial experiment,B,C,D has antimicrobial properties,the antimicrobial property of B is the lowest,while C,D are the strong..4.Through 5 compents thin layer chromatography,dentification,it indicates that compents B contain the ineffective compents on A,C contain some compents which exist in B,while in D there are many compents also exist in C,D contain some ineffective compents on E.Through various column chromatography separation 5 monomeric compoundsⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴwere found,the antimicrobialo activies of 5 monomeric compounds were tested,monomeric compoundsⅠ,Ⅳshowed no antimicrobialo activies,whileⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅴshowed some extent antimicrobialo activies,but the antimicrobialo activies showed no enhancement with the increase of the purity,there may exist synergetic effect in Raw extact.Physicochemical and spectral properties of monomeric compoundsⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅴwere indentified,they are respectively gallic acid,quercetin and oeanlic acid.5.Research on the antimicrobial properties of the raw extract,it indicated that the pH of food matrix have great influence on antimicrobial properties,the antimicrobial activities enhanced with the increase of food matrix acidity,so it can be used as Preservative in slightly acid food;from the result we can know that temperature have little effect on antimicrobial activities,treated 10 minutes below 100℃the antimicrobial activities were not affected,while treated 10 minutes under 120℃, although the antimicrobial properties were affected,it was relative less,so the extract can be a high temperature resistance natural preservative.Through the application study on bittern bean curd cake and bittern chicken wing,the result showed that add 1%extract in bittern,with the time prolonged bacterial reproduction were obvious inhibited in product,the colony count in control group increased greatly.