The Industrial Pollution Of Phosphorus In The Wuyi River Valley And Its Treatment Measures

Phosphorus is an essential element to various organisms. Its abundance ratio bears a close relationship with the quality of environment, hence has a direct impact on the growth of human beings as well as other organisms. Phosphorus exists in multi-forms in our daily life, such as phosphorous washing powder, phosphorous fertilizer, the elementary substance and compounds of phosphorus derived from phosphate minerals and phosphate sewage resulted from metal surface treatment, etc. The heavy use and discharge of phosphorous compounds have caused severe disorder in the natural circulation of phosphorus and its social metabolism, thus resulted in environmental pollution, among which the hydrosphere and biosphere have been affected the most.Currently, the impact of excessive phosphorus on water bodies focuses on eutrophication and algae overrun, which have been the hotspots and intractable problems for environment protection in China, essentially an outcome of the concentration of the compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the heavy reproduction of aerobe. Study shows that phosphorus is the main cause of eutrophication. Nowadays, eutrophication occurs in some reaches of the main rivers in China, such as the Huangpu River valley, the Qiantang River valley, the Yangtze River valley and the Guangzhou reaches of the Pearl River valley. Therefore, supervising the main source of phosphorus pollution in the river valley, and making practical supervision and control measures for pollution treatment based on the. physical geographic features and industry structure are of practical significance.The Wuyi River is situated in the upper reaches of the Jinhua River, where many metal finishing enterprises are located. These enterprises vary in the types, scales and levels and they are widely separated from one another. Study shows that the water quality of the Wuyi River has degraded to National Grade sub-V in terms of the environmental quality of surface water; The primary source of phosphorus pollution in the Wuyi River valley is the phosphorous sewage drained heavily from chemical plants; The average concentration of TP (Total Phosphorus) has reached the standard of water eutrophication; Wastewater treatment facilities still have not or incompletely been equipped in most plants and enterprises; The treatment and control techniques for acid wash and phosphorous sewage can not meet the requirements of wastewater disposal and need to be perfected and innovated. Such problems will exert impacts on the aquatic environment, biodiversity, and the development of social economy of the Jinhua River valley and even the whole Qiantang River valley more or less. With the rapid development of the social economy in the valley, water pollution is becoming increasingly serious and the attainment rate of the functional zones of aquatic environment decreases year by year, which will threaten the aquatic ecology and the security of drinking water.Owing to the characteristics of phosphorous industry, the phosphorus pollution treatment measures should differ from those for lakes and reservoirs, whose primary phosphorus pollution sources are agriculture and sanitary waste. Study shows that clean production and pollution minimization techniques are primary approaches to improve the working procedures of phosphorus industry and abate phosphorus pollution from its sources; Sustainable biochemical methods of sewage treatment technics are the trend for dephosphorization and phosphorus recycling; Other effective treatment measures against industrial phosphorus pollution in the Wuyi River valley are: apply 3S techniques to monitor the water environment, popularize the monitoring and measuring online techniques completely, adopt long-term supervision and coordinating mechanism among departments, regulate the pollution discharge amount strictly, adjust the phosphorus industry structure and regional planning, adopt positive guidance under local government's control and encouraging policies of scientific research, strengthen environmental legislation and law enforcement, etc.Consequently, studying the impact of industrial phosphorus pollution in the Wuyi River valley on the water environment, and pollution treatment measures is of both theoretical and practical significance to improve the water quality of the Wuyi River, strengthen the pollution control, ecological environment protection, rational use of water resource, optimizie the industry arrangement, promote the sustainable development of social economy, construct harmonious society, guarantee the safety of water supply, and realize the sustainable use of water resource in the Jinhua River valley.