| Physiological and biochemical indicators and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to research the alleviation effects of lanthanum and cerium to cadmium and copper, as well as the interactions between them using carps as materials. The antioxidant enzymes system, the structure and metabolism of lipids, protein and nucleic acid of carp liver were analyzed.Using of lanthanum and cerium, the poisoning symptoms by Cd and Cu was alleviated. The results showed that: the antioxidant activity was raising, the ability to eliminate free radicals enhanced, the MDA content decreased. It is suggested that: higher concentrations of rare earth elements may not be able to play a bigger effect to carps and it requires a combination of time and reasonable dosage.Molecular structure and metabolism of liver cell were analyzed by the fourier transform infrared. Protein metabolism decreased under the stress of Cd and Cu. Structure of turn andα-helix of secondary structure of protein were vulnerable to Cd stress and were easier to change. The lipid metabolism was more vulnerable to stress of Cu. The alleviation ability to Cd and Cu of La is better than Ce.Nucleic acid and amide II of liver cell were analyzed by the infrared spectrum fitting rate. It is suggested that La plays the same role as Ce and the infrared spectrum fitting rate of nucleic acid and amide II do not show some changes. It indicates that the alleviation of cadmium and copper stress on carps by cerium and lanthanum are not obvious on the metabolism of nucleic acid and protein.The results showed that the appropriate concentration of La and Ce can alleviat the cadmium and copper stress on carps. The infrared spectral analysis showed that the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, FTIR) can be used to detecte the metabolism of macromolecular material of fishes when their living environment changs, it has a potential value of the wide range of applications.
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