| The ecological management in Karst areas faces the complex system of nature, economy and society, in which it must combine with economy development to solve the problems of ecology and poverty. Home-garden ecological economy, one of the excellent management, which is a kind of small efficient sustainable ecological management model congregated ecological, economic and society benefit. At the same time, because of the particularity of Karst areas in environmental and economic resources, the management is different from other kinds of places. So we must consider the environmental condition, resources supplies, supporting facilities, policies background in order to unit homeground ecological economy technology and construction, in particular focus on distribution of vertical structure of plants and livestock community, combination of biology, engineer, cultivation, management and community development. By building biogas facilities, we can establish county recycle ecological and economic developmental model, dominating of homeground planting and breeding and rural energy resources building, finally from multiplex agricultural economic factory system. Home-garden ecological economy fully exert the entire function of ecological economy system and achieve the target of management of karst rock desertification and development of local economy. The paper chooses 5 typical Karst demonstration zones to support the scientific research, there are the optimal allocation of the mix-agriculture model in Yachi demonstration site in Bijie, the optimal allocation of the water saving irrigation and green-agriculture model in Longping demonstration site in Zunyi, the optimal allocation of the garden ecological economy model in Qitan demonstration site in Yanhe, the optimal allocation of the eco-agriculture and eco-stockbreeding model in Hongfenghu demonstration site in Qingzhen and the optimal allocation of the eco-agriculture and eco-stockbreeding model in Hongfenghu demonstration site in Qingzhen. By methods of field investigation of environment, economy and typical families in these zones, techniques of cooperation of government, experts, companies and farmers (associations) and tool of participatory rural community development, we compare home-garden ecological economy of 7 example zones on ecological and economy system structure, technical structure of planting and breeding, energy sources structure of biogas and function structure as well as all kinds of optimize models of home-garden ecological economy in 5 demonstration zones. And the results are as follow:(1)The optimal mode of home-garden ecological economy has been founded under different Karst geomorphic environment, namely" Pennisetum purpureum Schum– Goose– Biogas - Persimmon"sited in Bijie reflecting temperate and cold karst plateau hilly environment with dry spring and humid summer around the upper of Wu River;"Tobacco Leaf(Potato)– Pig– Biogas - Plum"sited in Zunyi in the middle of Wu River reflecting karst hilly basin entironment with temperate and moderate spring and summer,"Pennisetum purpureum Schum - Goose– Biogas - Zanthoxylum bungeanum"sited in Guanling - Zhenfeng reflecting dry and hot karst plateau and gorge environment"Vegetable(Pennisetum purpureum Schum)– Pig– Biogas - Peach"and"Lolium perenne(Medicago sativa) - Milch cow– Biogas - Apricot"sited in Qingzhen reflecting karst hilly basin environment with temperate moderate spring and humid summer"Pennisetum purpureum Schum.– Goose– Biogas - Pear"and"Lolium perenne-Pig-Biogas-Grape"sited in Yanhe at the lower of Wu River a reflecting karst low hilly valley environment with temperate and hot semi-humid spring and summer.(2)In terms of evaluation and analysis of economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit of different home-garden ecological economy. It is obvious that each mode has higher benefit of economy, ecology, and society, as well as having a demonstration benefit and the feasibility of extending the construction.(3)As a result of the comparative analysis of home-garden ecological economy mode under different geomorphic environment of Karst hilly, Plateau basin and Plateau valley, different geomorphic environment can lead to the diversity between breeding structure and agricultural construction of home-garden ecological economy which consequently makes the difference of home-garden ecological economy mode come into being and proceeds to effect its integrated benefit.(4)According to the comparative analysis of home-garden ecological economy optimization mode under different environmental structures in different demonstration of Wu River, different environmental structures in different demonstration can arise different ecological environment, thereby affecting the classification of home-garden ecological environment economy mode and then lead to its integrated diversity.(5)Under the same ecological environment, different social economy backgrounds and resources can also result in the diversity of home-garden ecological economy mode and affect the development of regional economy and the result of ecological harness.(6)Although there are some differences between home-garden ecological economy modes in each demonstration with stronger difference of regional ecological environment and social economy background, a lot of similarities can be summed up, for example all of them aim at driving breeding with cultivation, promoting the construction of miasma with breeding, supplying agricultural economy income with cash fruit forests, combining forest and grass, complementary of agriculture and farming in order to achieve the win-win goal of economy and ecology and accomplish the purpose of sustainable development of comprehensive improvement to soil erosion and dissertation. All in all, that is the home-garden ecological economy mode of"cultivation-breeding- biogas- cash fruit forest".(7)In the process of constructing home-garden ecological economy optimization mode in each demonstration, different kinds of mechanisms are adopted, such as"government&expert&company& farmer","government&expert&company&individual household","government&expert&company&base"and"government&expert& company&association". Each mechanism has its own unique way and different regional adaptability, therefore, the development in the future should accord with local condition.
|
PDF Full Text Request