Researches On The Integration Of Techniques And Models For Karst Rock Desertification Comprehensive Treatment In Guizhou Province

In the Eleventh Five-year Plan of China, special projects about rock desertification treatment in 100 typical experimental counties in southwestern China have been started up, of which 55 counties lie in Guizhou Province. For the rock desertification treatment to the 55 counties locating in different regional environments, integrated models and techniques for rock desertification treatment are required as support. The researches on the integration of rock desertification treatment models and techniques are carried out in the paper. Through practicing, summarizing and epurating the integrated rock desertification treatment in different entironments in Guizhou Province, rock desertification treatment models and techniques systems that can adapt to karst environments, and are of distinct ecological, economic and social benefits are put forwarded. It will be a good guidance to the rock desertification treatment in similar entironments in eight provinces in southwestern China, centered by Guizhou Province.Scientific literatures about integrated karst rock desertification treatment models and techniques are collected. advanced models and new techniques about integrated karst rock desertification treatment both home and abroad are summarized. According to the features of karst and the differences of entironments in Guizhou, five typical demonstration sites which are typical in both karst development and entironments are selected. They are Huajiang demonstration site in Guanling-Zhenfeng reflecting dry and hot karst plateau and gorge entironment, Yachi demonstration site in Bijie reflecting temperate and cold karst plateau hilly entironment with dry spring and humid summer, Hongfenghu demonstration site in Qingzhen reflecting karst hilly basin entironment with temperate moderate spring and humid summer, Longping demonstration site in Zunyi reflecting karst hilly basin entironment with temperate and moderate spring and summer, and Qitan demonstration site in Yanhe reflecting karst low hilly valley entironment with temperate and hot semi-humid spring and summer. The Interpretation of rock desertification in the five sites have been done referencing some maps including Spot5 remote sensing images with five-meter resolution, 1: 10000 topographic map, 1: 10000 land utilization map and 1: 50000 hydrogeological map. Rock desertification treatment models and techniques systems in different regional structures and different class rock desertification environments are established, according to the class rock desertification and the ecological problems. Finally, the measures for rock desertification treatment have been laid into the demonstration sites. Through the comparative analysis of the technique systems and measures taken in the five demonstration sites in five different entironments and reflecting five treatment models, taking the entironment monitoring, vegetation community investigating, and social and economic survey into account, the conclusions are drawn as follows.(1) the optimal allocation of the eco-agriculture and green industry model in Huajiang demonstration site in Guanling-Zhenfeng reflecting dry and hot karst plateau and gorge entironment is Zenia insignis, Z. bungeanum Maxim., 0lnicera japonica or hybrid giant napier, geese or cattle and biogas. The special industry is Zanthoxylum bungeanum.(2) the optimal allocation of the mix-agriculture model in Yachi demonstration site in Bijie reflecting temperate and cold karst plateau hilly entironment is R. pseudoacacia L, Juglans regia L, Lolium perenne L, or Trifolium repens Linn, pig or goose and biogas. The special industry is potato.(3) the optimal allocation of the eco-agriculture and eco-stockbreeding model in Hongfenghu demonstration site in Qingzhen reflecting karst hilly basin entironment is L. lucidum Ait., Camptotheca Decne., Prunus salicina Lindl., Pyrus pyrifolia (Burn. F.) Nakai, Prunus armenica, Vitis vinifera, and pigs, geese, mile cows or cattle and biogas. The special industry is vegetable and stockbreeding.(4) the optimal allocation of the water saving irrigation and green-agriculture model in Longping demonstration site in Zunyi reflecting karst hilly basin entironment is Cupressus funebris Endl., peach, plum, or pear, pigs or cattle and biogas. The special industry is baking cigarette, vegetable and watermelon.(5) the optimal allocation of the garden ecological economy model in Qitan demonstration site in Yanhe reflecting karst low hilly valley entironment is Cupressus funebris Endl., Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr., Z. bungeanum Maxim., grape, or Pennisetum hydridum, pigs, cattle or goats and biogas. The special industry is plum, Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. and grape.(6) although the measures are special in different demonstration sites, with strong ecological environmental pertinency, and the methods and contents of biological measures, engineering measures and managing measures are different, all the models can be summed up as"planting, breeding and the construction of energy in countries".(7) there is a clear green industry direction in each demonstration site. All the practice of the measures lead to industrialized special economy in the region, improving the ecological benefit and accelerating the regional economic development.(8) the integration of the models and techniques on rock desertification treatment in Guizhou is eco-agriculture and green industry model as"planting, breeding and the construction of energy in countries".