Preparation Of Ultrafine Copper Powders In New Heating Way And Research Of Surfactant Application

With the deeply research of the special properties of ultrafine copper powders,they have been used in many kinds of fields, such as conduction materials, catalysts, lubricant addition, nanocrystalline copper matericals, medicine and so on.The development of these fields was promoted with the research of ultrafine copper powders.Based on many domestic and overseas references,we realized different methods to prepare ultrafine copper powders.Liquid recondition was studied seriously.The producing equipment was easy,the operation was covenient,and the reaction was easy to realize in lab for this way.The as-prepared copper powders were characterized by laser particle size analyzer,TEM, SEM,XRD and EDS.The new innovations of this paper were:(1).Ultrafine copper powders were prepared by new heating ways,microwave or ultrasonic.We investigate the main effective factors of these two heating ways.For ultrasonic,we studied the influence of the time,power,periodicity;for microwave,we studied the power,time and so on.The magnitude relationship of the two heating ways and optimizational techological conditon respectively were studied by orthogonal test.We also contrasted the new ways to the normal heating way.The results:when the the copper powders were formed in the early stage,they were dispersed by ultrasonic which could contrl the particle size and uniform effectively.The as-prepared powders were narrow diameter and size.The rate of nucleation speed,the velcocity of reaction and the efficiency of preparation were improved by microwave,but there were some negative effect on the particle size.(2).We studied surfactants deeply,including the amount,kind,and the compostion of surfactants.Anion surfactant and high molecular surfactant which we used single or composition were investigated.The results:in our experiment condition,the appropriate amount which were used single or composition were received.(3).Two kinds of reductants which have diffferent reducibility were chosen to reduce blue vitriod.We researched the different effect of ultrafine copper powders by these two reductants.(4).The orthogonal process condition of preparation of nanocrystalline copper powders:The temperature of water bath was 50℃,hydrazine was eductant,the concentration of Cu²⁺ was 0.08 mol/L,the surfactants were proper quantity,the power of ultrasonic was 60W,the ultrasonic time was 4min,and the periodicity was 2.The as-result nanocrytalline copper powders were spherical,narrow size and distributed, unoxidized, and fine crystallization.(5).Copper powders which were regular special shapes, such as rob,hexagon,triangle, vermiform and so on were prepared under some reaction conditions.