Study On Suprcritical CO₂ Fluid Extraction Of Sapium Sebiferum Roxb Epidermis Oil

In this paper, the extraction of Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermis oil was studied with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction (SCFE-CO2) technology. We discussed the effects on the extraction rate of Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermis oil under different extraction conditions, such as the extraction pressure & temperature, CO2 flux, the extraction time, separation pressure & temperature, and the optimum parameters of Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermils oil extraction. Meanwhile, the physics and chemistry, fatty acid composition of Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermis oil by SCFE-CO2 had been analyzed to provide a theoretical basis on comprehensive utilization of Sapium sebiferum Roxb. It includes four parts: the first part is the research on the extraction technology of Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermis oil with supercritical carbon dioxide, including the research on single factor and optimization; the second part is the research on the quality of Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermils oil; the third part is the discussion on the problems of supercritical fluid extraction of Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermis; and the last part is the conclusion and analysis. The main experiment results as follows:(1) Extraction pressure, temperature, CO2 flux, time, separation pressure and temperature are the main factors that influence the SCFE-CO2 technology. Under single factor experiment, the best parameters and scopes are ensured. As follows: extraction pressure 40MPa, extraction temperature 36-38℃, CO2 flux 20-22L/h, time 60 mins, separation pressure 8-9MPa, temperature 35℃.(2) Regarded as inspect factor, the optimum parameters screened out through single factor experiment is taken in orthogonal experiment. According to the results and statistics analysis, the optimum parameters are found out through further optimization and test, which include extraction pressure 40MPa, extraction temperature 36℃, CO2 flux 20L/h, and the maximum of extraction rate 60.85%.(3) Comparing to the effect of the extraction with solvent and squeeze method, SCFE-CO2 had several virtues. Operating is simpler, operating time is shorter. Moreover, the melting point, acid value, iodine value, saponification value and other indicators of Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermis oil by SCFE-CO2 are superior to the Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermis oil by solvent and squeeze extraction. (4) Fatty acid compositions of Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermils oil were analyzed by GC. There are five components in it and the percentages are Palmitic acid (64.31%), Stearic acid(1.21%), oleic acid (32.54%), Linoleic acid(1.41%), Linolenic acid (0.19%). The content of Palmitic acid is the highest,in which the oleic acid by 2:1 ingredient composition include the specific structure's P-O-P glycerin three acids fat, its nature is similar with the natural cocoa fat and it is domestic ideal raw material of man-made cocoa fat.(5) Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermis oil can be got through the supercritical CO2 fluid extraction. Compared with the pure Sapium sebiferum Roxb epidermis oil's ingredients, it indicates that some of linoleic acid and linolenic acid are extracted from Stillingia oil, its extraction quantity are very few, moreover, there isn't any toxic ingredient 2, 4 decadienoic acid in it, thus the economic value doubles. It is ideal raw material of the soap chemical industry, the high quality food processing and stearic acid, fatty acid abstraction.