Study On The Characteristics Of Water And Soil Quality In Wetland Along The Huaiyan Expressway

This article studied the water and soil quality in Wetland along the Huaiyan Expressway.The results showed as follows:(1)The average value of different seasons of temperature of water in wetland:18.68～25.66℃,water level is 1.2m～1.7m,SS is 12.60～61.15NTU,TDS is 234～723mg/L,pH is 6.00～8.22, DO is 4.0～9.3mg/L,COD is 6.12～33.73mg/L,COD is 6.12～33.73mg/L,NH₄⁺-N is 0.471～0.673mg/L,TN is 0.952～1.664mg/L,TP is 0.140～0.353mg/L.(2)The analysis and assessment of the current situation of water quality in Wetland were studied.The results indicated that more than 65%of analysis factors reached the national quality assessment standard of the third-class surface water.The general physics and chemistry factors was normal,the water quality is not obviously polluted by the Expressway.(3)The overall average value and various times value of heavy metal Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn in water reached the national quality assessment standard of the third-class surface water, the water quality is not obviously polluted by the Expressway.The level of pollution of water is:Cheqiao exchange＞Yanchengdong exchanges＞Yanchengxi exchange＞the Sheyang lake＞Yanchengnan exchange.(4)The value of heavy metal Cr,Cu and Zn in sediment is lower than the background value,the average value of heavy metal element Ni and Pb has the varying degree pollution. The changes is very large in different areas,the pollution of Cr,Cu and Pb is specially prominently in Cheqiao exchange,the pollution of Ni and Zn is specially prominently in Yanchengxi exchange.The results of Single factor index measure of heavy Metals:Zn＞Ni＞Cu＞Cr＞Pb.The results of Nemerow integrated index measure is the mild pollution level.(5)The soil except the Sheyang lake and the Cheqiao exchange is the clay,others are the loam.Sand content in Yanchengdong exchange is comparatively high,its ability to conserve water and fertility is poor,which will cause the loss of water and soil.The soil unit weight and opening degree are moderate.The average pH value in the soil is 7.09～7.73,which are all moderate alkaline soil,the organism content is 25.23～36.15g/kg,entire nitrogen content in the soil is 308.08～1247.77mg/kg,its quick-acting phosphorus content is 5.15～13.32mg/kg,the content of quick-acting potassium is170.42～258.18mg/kg,which all has satisfied the requirements for plants to grow.(6)The value of Cr and Zn in the all wetland soil has not surpassed the background value.The value of Cu in the wetland soil of Yanchengnan exchange and Cheqiao exchange have surpassed the background value.The value of Ni in the wetland soil of Yanchengnan exchange,Yanchengxi exchange,Sheyang lake and Cheqiao exchange have not surpassed the background value.The value of Pb in the wetland soil of Yanchengxi exchange,Sheyang lake and Cheqiao exchange have surpassed the background value.The value of Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn reached the quality assessment standard of the first-class soil in GB15618-1995 in all the wetlands of the Huaiyan Expressway.(7)The soil single heavy metal pollution index of Cu and Ni is biggest,next is Pb,Cr and Zn.The potentially ecological risk indexes of Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn are slight level.There are no heavy metal pollution in wetland soil of Yanchengdong exchange and Yanchengnan exchange.There are slight level of heavy metal polluting condition in Yanchengxi exchange, Sheyang lake and Cheqiao exchange.The soil overall heavy metal pollution degree is storozhevoy(does not have pollution),there is only slight level potentially ecological risk indexes in wetland soil.There is only slight level heavy metal pollution in the soil by the Expressway.