The Research Of The Survey Monitoring Method To The Expressway's Water And Soil Conservation

The soil erosion problem is the main ecological environmental problem which we are facing now. The serious soil erosion not only destroys the soil resource, reduces the soil fertility, restricts the food production growth, but also pollutes the water, silts the river and water storage. It results that the disasters such as the flood, landslide and debris flow happen frequently. And it also threats people's lives and property. Our country is one of the most serious soil erosion countries in the world.With the progressive implementation of the western development strategy, the linear development and construction projects such as highways, railways, oil gas pipeline appear massively. These projects bring us enormous economic benefits, but also create enormous pressure on the ecological environment inevitably. They disturb the surface, damage the vegetation, lead large spoil. The water and soil loss of the development and construction projects has such features. E.g. the geography is incomplete, the soil erosion strength is uneven, the soil erosion forms are diversity and the causing harm is potential. If there aren't proper resume and treatment, it maybe causes the devastating destroy to the local ecological environment and the loss of people's lives and property in the downstream. So the country should pay more attention to the monitoring of the water and soil conservation.Now the water and soil conservation monitoring to the linear development and construction projects is still in its infancy and has no normative model. In order to accurately monitor the implementation of measures, quality and efficiency of the soil erosion and soil and water conservation progress, providing a basis for the government decision-making and law enforcement supervision, minimizing the soil erosion hazards in the process of production and construction, it is necessary to research the survey monitoring of water and soil conservation to the development and construction projects.The paper is part of a scientific project of Hubei province Highway Bureau. Firstly, the origination, effects and destruction of water and soil loss from highway construction are discussed. Then, it researches the main content, the methods, the layout and frequency of the survey monitor on the expressway. It also includes the hazard investigation of the soil erosion and the patrol monitor. According to the features of the water and soil loss, the corresponding soil and water conservation measures are given. The paper also analysis the main problems during the monitoring management of the water and soil conservation and advocates to achieve public participation in the entire process of the expressway construction.The confirm of monitoring layout and frequency is the difficulty of the paper. To the monitoring layout, using the method of weighted assignment, quantitatively study the integrated role of the soil erosion source to the facts of the water and soil loss. According to the size of eigenvalues, make sure the monitoring layout. The monitoring frequency changes with the different monitoring targets and tasks. The survey during the rainy season can influence the frequency.The paper researches the survey monitor of expressway. Preliminarily determine the monitoring layout and frequency of survey monitor. As to the application of practical engineering, we need to further study. The results are focused, practical and innovative. They have a certain degree guiding significance to the soil and water conservation work on the highway.