Self-sacrificial Template Synthesis And Characterization Of Several One-Dimensional Inorganic Nanomaterials

In this dissertation, self-sacrificial template synthetic route were developed to prepare one-dimensional (1D) inorganic nanomaterials. Referred to a great deal of literatures, several easily and large-scale prepared 1D nanostructured inorganic powder were used as self-sacrificial templates to synthesize 1D nanostructured inorganic powder, such as bismuth sulfide semiconductors and spinel lithium manganese oxide lithium-ion-electrode materials, by selecting suitable reactants, reacting systems and technology, under mild synthetic conditions. The structures and relative properties were investigated. In adition, the formation mechanisms of these self-sacrificial template prepared 1D nanostructures were also discussed. The main points are summarized as follows:1. Single-crystalline Bi₂S₃ nanorods were fabricated in large scale through a low-temperature solid state reaction route, using the solution-prepared bismuth nanotube arrays as self-sacrificial templates and thiourea powder as sulfur source.2. Single-crystalline spinel LiMn₂O₄ nanotubes were prepared for the fiest time via a low-temperature molten salt process, using the literature reported hydrothermally synthesized single-crystallineβ-MnO₂ nanotubes as self-sacrificial templates. When the as-prepared LiMn₂O₄ nanotubes were used as cathode materials of Li-ion batteries, the relative electrochemical properties of the as prepared LiMn₂O₄ nanotubes, such as CV and charge-discharge, were tested.3. Single-crystalline spinel LiMn₂O₄ nanowires were prepared for the first time by a low-temperature molten salt approach, using the literature reported hydrothermally synthesized single-crystallineα-MnO₂ nanowires as self-sacrificial templates.