The Extraction And Characteristic Of Anthocyanins From Blackcurrant

Blackcurrant is one of the main berries of the north of china.Its yield is high and it is rich nutritious and physiology functions for health.Its prospect in the market is very good.In this paper,we used two extraction methods,which included ultrasonic assisted extraction and supercriticalCO₂fluid extraction,to treat blackcurrant dregs samples respectively.Through compa- rison of the anthocyanins recovery,extraction time and other aspects of the two methods,SFE and ultrasonic assisted extraction,that they all have mentioned optimum conditions in different aspects,both are encouraged to use in industrialized production.Gradient reversed-phase HPLC with mass spectra analysis were also used to rapidly identify the main anthocyanins in blackcurrant extracts.At last,the stability and antioxidant ability was studied.The result shows that:1,The optimum condition of ultrasonic assisted extraction is as follows:the solvent is 40%acetone and the ratio of solvent to sample is 30/1 for 15min at 500W with twice.In this condition,we can get anthocyanins 92.5mg/100g blackcurrant dregs.2,The optimum condition of the first supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction is as follows:extracted press is 45Mpa,extracted temperature is 45℃.In this condition,we can get fattiness 8.21%.The optimum condition of supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction anthocyanins is as follows: cosolvent is 80%ethanol by static adding and the ratio of sample to cosolvent is 1/1.2,static marination time is 90min,extracted press is 35Mpa,extracted temperature is 45℃.In this condition, we can get anthocyanins 110.5mg/100g blackcurrant dregs.3,SupercriticalCO₂fluid extraction was better comparing with ultrasonic assisted extraction:it got more anthocyanins(110.5mg/100g) by SupercriticalCO₂fluid extraction and it used less solvent, only 1:1.2.less solvent was for the convenience of wipping off solvent.It got higher pure anthocyanins and was easy to control the temperature.So,wo considered that SupercriticalCO₂fluid extraction was more suitable for extracting anthocyanins in blackcurrant dregs than ultrasonic assisted extraction.4,Result indicated that the main anthocyanins compositions of blackcurrant extracts are cyanidin-3-rutinoside,delphinidin-3-rutinoside,cyanidin-3-xylosyglucosygalactoside,peonidin-3-glucoside-pyruvic acid,pelargonidin-3-rutinoside and other petunidin+pentose was not confirmed.5,We have evaluated the stability of blackcurrant anthocyanins in different storage conditions. It is sensitive to light,heat,oxidant H₂O₂,K⁺,Cu²⁺,Fe³⁺ and Vc.This paper has proved that the anthocyanins maintain stable under protection of Mg²⁺.Meanwhile,the anthoc- yanins showed preserve-stability and high-colored capacity in Na₂SO₃,Na⁺,Zn²⁺,Fe²⁺,malic acid and sugar. 6,In scavenging TBARS(Thiobarbituric acid-reacitive substances) and reduce power,the anthocyanins from blackcurrant had stronger activity than BHA(0.01).The anthocyanins from blackcur- rant had strong activity in scavenging DPPH.It had weak activity in hydroxyl radicals scavenging.The result showed that it had no metal-Chelating activity.