Study On The Environment Risk Assessment Method Of Chemical Industry

The birth of environment risk assessment (ERA) signs the important transition of environment protection strategy, and it can forecast and manage the risk prior to the a-ccident, which could reduce the probability and harm of accidents. Due to the production particularity of chemical industry, once the accident happened, it often caused m-uch property loss, casualties and environment pollution, the consequence was very serious. Therefore, it is necessary for the study on the ERA of chemical industry.It combined the current problems of ERA with the risk characteristics of the chemical industry to explore the following discussion:The relativity and distinction of ERA and safety evaluation was analysed,which provided the reference for the better research and practice of ERA; the various types of ERA methods were classified,and it summed up and compared the characteristics of various methods, finally, chose the fault tree analysis method to study the most credible accident of the synthetic ammonia project.It collected the statistics and analysed the accidents to the domestic ammonia project in past 20 years, and showed that the times and the casualties of leakage accident were more than the fire or explosion in the various types of risk, and the leakage accident of ammonia tank region accounted for a large proportion, which provided some proof for the most credible accident of the synthetic ammonia project.Combined one energy-saving technology transformation project of the Gansu synthetic ammonia fertilizer plants, and used the FTA to analysed the most credible accident of the project qualitatively which had identified--liquid ammonia leakage, based on the minimum cut and the path sets, and the effective measures to prevent the leakage accident were advanced; finally, it assumed that one fundamental incident in the fault tree happened, combined local weather conditions, residential areas distribution and the toxic ammonia characteristics, forecasted the harmful scope and the risk value, and concluded that the risk value of the most credible accident is lower than the chemical industry statistics value, and finally made the conclusion that the project risk could be acceptable.The subject of study provides reference not only for the project risk management and decision-making, but for carrying out ERA works in similar industries.