| Papaya (Fructus Chaenomelis) is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese herbal medicines. Pharmacological studies indicate that papayas have liver protection and antibacterial effects. Papaya contains flavonoids, oleanolic acid and other active ingredients, it is also considered to be a good source of botanic superoxide dismutase (SOD). In this thesis, the comprehensive utilization of papayas was studied.There is no report about the method for determination or extraction of SOD from papaya, in this paper, first, SOD was extracted from fresh papayas and the activity of SOD was determined, the result was compared with those of several other common vegetables, including green peppers, peas, garlic and soybeans. The activity of SOD was determined by using pyrogallol autoxidation method and NBT-reduction method, respectively, and found that NBT-reduction method is more suitable for SOD detection in the extraction of papayas. According to the results of two different methods, the transfer coefficient of the results of two SOD detection methods was found to be 3.50～3.98. It was found that the activity of SOD in papaya is only 55.9 U/g (FW) ?h, which is lower than that of above mentioned plants. This result means that papaya is not a suitable raw material for industrial extraction of botanic SOD.Second, dried residue of the papaya after SOD extraction is used for extracting flavonoids and oleanolic acid. The comprehensive extraction method was suggested. Dry papaya was percolated with 95% ethanol and percolate was condensed, washed with water, repeatedly precipitated with acid and base and then oleanolic acid was obtained. The content of oleanolic acid was determined by UV spectrophotometry and found the yield of oleanolic acid was 0.0146%. Residue after percolated was extracted with 70% ethanol and segregated with polyamide column chromatography, and then flavonoids was obtained , the content of total flavonoids was determined using aluminum nitrate complex spectrophotometry method and found the yield of total flavonoids was 0.307%.These results indicate flavonoids extraction process is feasible, however, the oleanolic acid extraction process should be improved. |
