Study On Preparation And Properties Of Porous Polymer-Activated Carbon Nanocomposite Materials

Activated carbon materials is a kind of typic porous nanocomposite materials which have many excellent properties such as high surface area and pore volume,a more uniform distribution of the hole diameter,high temperature and corrosion resistance,high electrical conductivity,good chemical resistant and biocompatibility stability.It has been used in gas and liquid adsorption separation process,which has become one of the research hot spots. Now activated carbon is usually used for gas masks,gas separation refuting,organic recycle, inorganic ions and heavy metals remove,sewage purification and so on.At present,we research on activated carbon adsorption primarily relying on its porosity which is mainly in physisorption.Activated carbon adsorption characteristic is not only decided by its structure,also has the very big relations with the surface chemistry nature. Therefore,people start to modify its chemic property to improve adsorption selectivity.In this article,we introduced functionality polymer in the activated carbon holes to prepared polymer-activated carbon nanocomposite materials.The material could adsorb organic pollutant in waste water which combines porous activated carbon and polymer with special groups.The porous polymer-inorganic nanocomposite materials could unite the light,electricity, magnetism properties of inorganic nanometer crystal and the mechanical properties, functional properties of polymer.Nanometer holes existence have provided chunnel for the material practical application such as the proton transmission,the solution transportation,the gas proliferation,biological response carrying on and so on.The kind of materials have broad application prospect in electricity,optics and biology,medicine,environmental protection field.In this paper first we prepared activated carbon using rice husk which is low in price and fruitful and NaOH as chemistry activation.And we discussed activated carbon iodine adsorption value and the activated carbon production rate influence by soaked proportion,the activation way,the activation temperature and the activation time.We prepared activated carbon as follow:the drying rice husk was carbonized at 450℃in nitrogen for 4h,then,the carbonized product was heated in the presence of sodium hydroxide(NaOH:C=3:1) at 400℃for 30 min to dehydrate the mixture,thereafter the temperature was raised to 800℃and this temperature was held for 2 hours to activate the combination,last the activated product were washed with water and dried.Then we found its nitrogen adsorption/desorption isothermal wasâ…£,The specific surface is 1200m².g^-1,the average hole diameter is 3.7nm,and the holes volume is 0.67cm³.g^-1.Next,we explored the method of synthesizing the polymer in the activated carbon holes, then we successfully made acrylic acid in situ directly polymerizing in activated carbon holes with freezing aeration.We found the properties of polyacrylic acid-activated carbon nanocomposite materials influence by the acrylic acid and the activated carbon mass ratio,the polymerization temperature and the polymerization time.When the polyreaction temperature is 80℃,the reaction time is 22h,and the polypropylene acid content is approximately 20%, the specific surface reduced to 349m².g^-1,the average hole diameter reduced to 2.7nm,the holes volume reduced to 0.34 cm³.g^-1.And we found its infrared spectrogram appears the activated carbon C-C peak and displacement peak of PAA characteristic structure.Then we used the compound materials for aniline and nitrobenzene adsorption,and we discovered that it is mainly chemical adsorption;the polymer content is higher,the adsorption effect is better; the adsorption capacity increased with the time prolonging till 20h;the absorbent amount used more,the adsorption effect is better;moreover the adsorption process is more suitable Langmuir equation and the second-level equation dynamic equation.Finally,we prepared polyacrylamide-activated carbon nanocomposite materials using mixing solution.When the polyreaction temperature is 90℃,the reaction time is 24h,the specific surface reduced to 611m².g^-1,the average hole diameter reduced to 2.6nm,the holes volume reduced to 0.42 cm³.g^-1.Then we used the compound materials for phenol compound, and we discovered that it is mainly chemical adsorption;the adsorption capacity increased with the time prolonging till 20h;the absorbent amount used more,the adsorption effect is better;moreover the adsorption process is more suitable Langmuir equation and the second-level equation dynamic equation.