Fingerprints Changing Rule Of Oil Spilled In The Weathering Process At Sea

Oil is the major source of energy in modern society,demands for which have increased year by year.With the scale of oil exploration and oil transportation volume on the sea growing,oil spills which could seriously contaminate and harm the marine ecosystem and coastal environment frequently happen.Identification of oil spill fingerprint is an important technical means,through the use of different detective techniques,to obtain the different information of various compounds in crude oil, Fingerprints will be based on oil spill weathering,including evaporation,dissolution, dispersion,emulsification,photochemical oxidation,microbial degradation and adsorption factors which could lead to various degrees of changes.Comparing the "oil fingerprinting" between the suspicious and the source of oil spills could achieve investigation and confirmation of the source of the oil spill,and provide a scientific basis and theory for accident investigation,the development of contingency measures and determination the responsibilities and compensations.In this paper,by simulating different indoor and outdoor experiments of the crude oils in the different weathering environment of summer and winter,and using fluorescence spectrometry,Comparison and analysis of spectra from oils of unweathered and at different weathering times are experimentalized(crude oils from Kuwait and Saudi- Arabia,which are both light crude oils),which could identify the two similar oil species,without taking into account the biological degradation,wind speed,as well as factors such as the role of the waves,and the impact of factors (temperature,UV light intensity),then how the fingerprints will be changed in the law have been found.Results of the research thesis show as follows:(1) By matching of synchronous scanning spectroscopy,combined with the relative intensity of the main peak and the ratio of peak intensity of to identify similar types of oils.In the weathering process,whether simulated in summer and winter indoor or outdoor,carried out in the weathering,the two characteristic peaks corresponding to crude oils fluorescence intensity gradually reduces.In the different weathering conditions,reducing is at different rate. (2) By matching two types of crude oils simulated winter in indoor and outdoor weathering experiment,it is received that when the Ex=270nm,the peak in the characteristics of 378nm,carried out with the weathering process,fluorescence intensity gradually decreases,the number of days in the interval of weathering under the same condition,the characteristic peaks 378nm corresponding to the fluorescence intensity, the total fluorescence intensity of weathering outdoor is greater than that of the indoor. Weathering in winter,the UV light intensity has small impact on the weathering process, in the low-temperature environment,weathering slows down,in ice water,owing to the role of oil spills or coagulation sedimentation,weathering rate of oil spills significantly reduce or completely stop.(3) By matching the two types of crude oil simulated in summer of indoor and outdoor weathering experiment,it is concluded that when the Ex=270nm,the peak in the characteristics of 378nm,carried out the weathering process,fluorescence intensity gradually decreases,the number of days in the interval of weathering under the same condition,the characteristic peaks 378nm corresponding to the fluorescence intensity, the total fluorescence intensity of weathering outdoor is less than that of indoor. Weathering in summer,the UV light intensity and high temperature speed up the evaporation rate of oil,which is beneficial to weathering.