The Research On Urinary Nanocrystallites And Its Effect Factor

The effect of urinary pH values on composition of urinary nanocrystallites were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy. By comparing the effect of dilution,centrifugalization,filtration,and protein remove on detection results of urinary nanocrystallites,a good treatment method for urinary nanocrystallites detection was found.The zeta potential,intensity-autocorrelation curve,mean size and distribution of nanocrystallites with a size less than 1000 nm in urines of 70 lithogenic patients and 70 healthy people were investigated by nanoparticle size analyzer.The differentiation of composition of urinary nanocrystals not only occurred between the people with different urinary pH,but also occurred in the same person when his urinary pH changed.At lower urinary pH(such as pH＜5.8),most of the urinary components are uric acid, acidic phosphate and calcium oxalate,etc.However,most of these components are urate, phosphate,magnesium ammonium phosphate,and calcium oxalate etc.at higher urinary pH (such as pH＞6.2).Combined XRD and FT-IR methods,the compositions of urinary nanocrystals can be determined accurately.It is ehelpful to explore the cause of urinary stones.By comparing the effect of dilution,centrifugalization,filtration,and protein remove on detection results of urinary nanocrystallites,a good treatment method for urinary nanocrystallites detection was found:antisepticising and protein-coagulated with formaldehyde,the urine was diluted with distilled water of the same volume;then filtrated through 3μm micropore film,and the filtrate was centrifugalized under 4000 r/min for 15 min.This method could remove the cell fragment and the macromolecular substances and did not affect the detection of the urinary nanocrystallites below 1000 nm.The results were consistent to those obtained by transmission electron microscope(TEM).By comparing the intensity-autocorrelation curve,polydispersity index(PDI),zeta potential and relative error of average diameter of urinary nanocrystalllites in two kinds of urine,it was concluded that the nanocrystallites in healthy urine were more stable than those in lithogenic urine.The zeta potential,mean diameter and size distribution of nanocrystallites in healthy urines were comparability and consistency,healthy urines were stable system which were revealed by their intensity-autocorrelation curves;the TEM images showed well-proportioned size distribution and little aggregation of healthy urinary nanocrystallites,too.The zeta potential, mean diameter and size distribution of nanocrystallites in lithogenic urines were observably different from each other,whose zeta potential,mean size and size distribution were in a wide range;lithogenic urines were unstable system which were revealed by their intensityautocorrelation curves,aggregation and deposition were incidental;The results were consistent to those obtained by transmission electron microscope(TEM).The difference of urinary inhibitor, urinary nanocrystaiiltes component and urinary concentration between healthy and lithogenic urines were discussed,the reason of stone formation was discussed,too.Then the feasible suggeation was adviced base on physics and chemistry.