Biomass Gasification Tar Catalytic Cracking Using Palygorskite As Catalyst

With the progress of investigation and application of biomass gasification technology, the influence of biomass gasification tar always attracts much attention. However, the gasification process is inevitably accompanied by the formation of tar. The condensable compounds that present in tar not only cause conglomeration and sediment in the gasification equipment and gas transporting line, but also threat the environment and health of man. Therefore, the tar affects the extensive utilization of the technology of the biomass gasification. On the basis of technology of purification of hot gas of biomass gasification and catalyst technology, extensive experiment on tar cracking was performed on bench-scale fixed bed tar catalytic cracking test system a set of full gas analysis means which can fit the need of fuel gas analysis were built.Several mineral materials were selected as catalysts for activity evaluation in comparison with the effect of quartz sand pyrolysis. It is found that as an inexpensive catalyst, palygorskite has a remarkable catalytic effect.Effects of catalyst amount, particle size, calcination temperature and cracking temperature on catalytic activity of tar cracking were investigated. Tar conversion and hydrogen yield increased significantly with a rise of the cracking temperature. The catalytic activity of palygorskite could be improved by calcination treatment. However, the catalytic activity could be reduced by high temperature calcination.Palygorskite loaded nickel was prepared by impregnation volume. Effects of nickel loading and cracking temperature for the catalytic activity of tar were studied. Comparing with palygorskite, nickel addition on catalytic cracking of biomass tar showed better activity and lower carbon formation. It indicates nickel on the catalytic not only promote activity of palygorskite but also improve the resistance to carbon formation.