The Research On The Production Of Copper Oxide And Sub-Oxides About Fe And Sn By High Energy Ball Milling

As a method of new material achievement, high energy ball mill has attached more and more importance especially in the MA, super-fined powder and powder in nano scale, because of which is simple and environment-friendly ,also can operated under the ambient temperature. Based on the principle of mechanochemistry, copper and copper oxide powders are ball milled in dry environment and in water solution with different pH values using high energy ball mill.The rule and characteristic of reaction under ball milling and the phases formed in the process and its influenceable factors were studied in this paper. XRD,SEM and TEM were employed to examine the phase composition,microstructure of the final products.As a method of new material achievement, high energy ball mill has attached more and more importance in materials.It is simple and environment-friendly. Based on the principle of mechanochemistry, the driving force and rate was increased. So that, some difficult reactions could be operated under the ambient temperature. Copper and copper oxide powders are ball milled in dry environment and in water solution with different pH values. The rule and characteristic of reaction under ball milling and the phases formed in the process and its influenceable factors were studied in this paper. The results were enumerated as follows:By ball milling copper and copper oxide powder in dry environment, after a certain period of time, copper and copper oxide powder at the role of mechanical forces have taken place under the redox response, generated cuprous oxide powder. After 90 hours, most were converted into cuprous oxide powder with a little raw materials. The particle size of cuprous oxide powder was between in 100-200nm.By ball milling copper and copper oxide powder in distilled water solution, with the same mechanical forces, induced the redox reaction between copper and copper oxide powder and generated cuprous oxide powder. The reaction has been fully carried out after 90h milling. The particle size of cuprous oxide powder was between in 80-120nm. Compared to the environment in dry ball milling process, the rate of reaction was faster than that.By ball milling copper and copper oxide powder in HCl solution with pH value of 3, a small amount of cuprous oxide powder was obtained after 4h milling and the reaction has been fully carried out after 70h milling.The particle size of cuprous oxide powder was between in 50-100nm; By ball milling copper and copper oxide powder in NaOH solution with pH value of 12, the reaction process wans similar and the reaction has been fully carried out after 90h milling. The particle size of cuprous oxide powder was between in 30-50nm. Hydrochloric acid as a reactant involved in the reaction, which accelerated the reaction rate of ball milling. Alkaline water solution has only a ball milling process control agent, or the role of grinding aids, rather than participate in a specific chemical reaction.The cuprous oxide particle was abnomal in shape. The cuprous oxide which was obtained in dry environment had a better dispersion about particle and which was obtained in water solution had a more small size. In the ball milling process, mechanical energy and acid, alkaline water solution occurred the activation phenomenon of CuO and Cu, thus improved the reaction of CuO and Cu.The selection of 30:1 ball-material ratio and 400rpm ball mill speed matched to the experimental equipment could accelerate the reaction rate and micrify the particle size.Through Sn and SnO2 as well as Fe and Fe2O3 powder, using ball milling method in water solution, as a result of pure Sn and Fe were oxidated, the idea of their sub-oxides producing was not realized.