Study On The Effect Of Phenol On Nitrosation And The Start-up Of ANAMMOX

China is a major coal-producing state,is also a large agricultural country, and nitrogenous fertilizer can not be separated from agriculture production. Thereby,the nitrogenous fertilizer industry which takes coal as raw material is developing very rapidly,but at the same time water is being polluted severely.As an economical and energy saving denitrogenation technology of highly concentrated ammonium-nitrogen wastewater,SHARON-ANAMMOX process has a capacious and favorable development prospect.Whereas,if we want to apply the process to the practice,we must research some details above all,to offer theoretical guidance for the rational design and stable operation of SHARON-ANAMMOX process.This study started the SHARON reactor first,researched its operation performance and the effects of hydroxybenzene to the SHARON reaction choosing phenol as poison,then realized the start-up of the ANAMMOX reactor using nitrite bio-film as seeding sludge.The main results were as follows:(1) The bio-film in the SHARON reactor had a strong adsorption capacity to NO₂^--N,and 947.30mg NO₂^--N was adsorbed by 1.5L fillings.That was because of the prodigious activity and tremendous strong adsorption capacity of the bio-film surface.NO₂^--N was adsorbed when NH₄⁺-N was transformed to NO₂^--N by the nitrite bacteria.(2) In the phases of nitrite bacteria cultivating and stable operation of the continuous SHARON reactor,TN concentration of effluent was less than influent, which mean that TN lost partly.The reason might be ANAMMOX and denitrification happened in the nitrate reactor.(3) In the experiment of researching the effect of phenol to the intermittent nitrate reactor,when the.concentration of phenol were 30mg/L and 60mg/L,the effect of phenol to the nitrite process represented stimulation.At these concentrations,the nitrite capability were enhanced by 28%and 11%separately than comparison,and the stimulation of 30mg/L was lager than 60mg/L.When the concentration of phenol was 120mg/L,the effect of phenol to the nitrite process represented inhibition,and the nitrite capability was only 91%of comparison.When the concentration of phenol was increased to 240mg/L,the nitrite capability of nitrite bacteria was restrained to 76%of comparison.(4) Observing the curves of c(NH₄⁺-N)-t at different phenol concentrations, when the concentrations of phenol were 30,60,120 and 240mg/L,there were 4 obvious turning points in the process of NH₄⁺-N degradation,and they appeared at 7,5,7 and 6h separately.The curves of c(NH₄⁺-N)-t at different phenol concentrations could be separated into 2 sections regarding the 4 turning points as division- points,so the curves could be fitted 2 equations.Comparing the RAs of anterior and latter curves in the maximal activated regions of nitrate bacteria, the RAs of the latters were always larger than the RAs of the fronts.When the concentrations of phenol were 30 and 60 mg/L,it appeared inhibition in the fronts,and the RAs were depressed to 94%and 88%of comparison,at the same time,it appeared stimulation in the latters,and the RAs were enhanced by 31% and 9%than comparison.When the concentrations of phenol were 120 and 240 mg/L,the inhibition of the latters were less than the fronts,and the RAs of the fronts became 69%and 29%of comparison separately,the RAs of the latters became 89%and 76%of comparison.Estimating the reason of the phenomena,it might be that phenol restrained nitrate bacteria in the fronts because of high concentration phenol,but with the degradation of phenol,it appeared stimulation and inhibition decrease.The turning points of concentration might be the turning points of inhibition and stimulation or inhibition decrease.(5) In the experiment of researching the effect of phenol to the continuous flow nitrate reactor,when the concentration of phenol were 30-60mg/L,the effect of phenol to the nitrite process represented stimulation;when the concentration of phenol were 240-960mg/L,the removal rate of NH₄⁺-N decreased with the increase of phenol concentration,and the removal rate of NH₄⁺-N were all less than comparison.It was obvious that at this phenol concentrations district the nitrite bacteria were inhibited.(6) In the continuous flow nitrate reactor,when the concentration of phenol were 0-960mg/L,the loss rate of TN was 0.55%-18.35%,and the general trend was that the loss rate of TN increased with the increase of phenol concentration.Analysing the reason of this phenomena,that was because denitrification happened in the nitrite reactor.(7) The experiment enriched nitrite bacteria in aerobic condition,cultivated high activated nitrite bio-film,then started ANAMMOX reactor using the bio-film as seeding sludge.This result proved that nitrite bacteria could be used as seeding sludge to startup ANAMMOX reactor.(8) In the time of 117-134d and 185-201d the ANAMMOX reactor operated stably,effluent concentration kept not obvious when the NH₄⁺-N and NO₂^--N concentration of influent were 195mg/L,and the removal proportion of NO₂^--N / NH₄⁺-N were 0.65 and 0.62.The removal quantity of NH₄⁺-N was more than MO₂^--N,this phenomena showed that there was other bacteria existing in the reactor besides ANAMMOX bacteria,these bacteria transformed NH₄⁺-N and consequently resulted in more removal quantity.