Study On The Extraction And Purification Techniques Of Effective Component From Star Anise And Analysis Of The Extractor

Star anise is not only used for the necessary condiment on people's table but also used as essence and medicament,so it is widely used in food,chemistry and medicament industry.The effective component in star anise is a mixture mixed with lots of compositions and has a lot of physiological functions such as restraining bacteriums,antioxidant activity and easing pain.So study on the extraction and purification techniques of effective component from star anise inaugurates wide foreground for the use of star anise.The thesis studied on the extraction of effective components of star anise by water distilling extraction,organic solvent extraction and simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction(SDE). Use GC-MS technology for indentifying the effective components.The thesis also studied the method of purifying trans-anethole from star anise oil by molecular distillation technology.The main results showed as follows:(1) The optimal parameters of water distilling extraction were studied.The best parameters were as follows:extraction time 3h,liquid-solid ratio 30:1,particle size 40w.(2) The optimal parameters of simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction were studied. The best parameters were as follows:extraction time 3h,liquid-solid ratio 20:1,particle size 40w.(3) The factors that can effect the extraction rate of star anise oleoresin by organic solvent extraction were studied.The best parameters were as follows:taking 95%ethanol as extraction solven,extraction time 4h,liquid-solid ratio 100:10,particle size 80w.(4) The compositions of effective components of star anise by water distilling extraction, organic solvent extraction and simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction were analyzed by GC-MS.The results showed that:the compositions of effective components of star anise by the three methods were similar,but the quantity of the compositions was different.The quantity of trans-anethole was 70.71%in the extraction by stream distillation,66.80%in the extraction by SDE,and 57.59%in the extraction by organic solvent extraction.The species of extraction by organic solvent extraction is more than that by SD and SDE,such as farnesol,fenchyl acetate, acetic acid-terpineol ester,oleic acid,palmitic acid and so on.(5) The methods of purifying trans-anethole by molecular distillation were found.Adopting two step molecular distillation,the condition of the first step molecular distillation was as followed: distillation temperature 75℃,warm-up temperature 40℃,distillation pressure 2000Pa,rotating speed 400r/min,feeding speed 1d/s;and the condition of the second step molecular distillation was as followed:distillation temperature 80℃,warm-up temperature 40℃,distillation pressure 400Pa, rotating speed 400r/min,feeding speed 1d/s.The results showed that:the purity of trans-anethole was improved to 92.03%from 76.16%after two step molecular distillation.The compositions of star anise oil and the one after purified were analyzed by GC-MS,and the results showed that:most of the light and heavy compositions in the star anise oil were wiped out.The purity of trans-anethole in star anise oil was improved by about 22%.The color of star anise oil was changed to almost achromatous from yellow and the characteristic smell of star anise was more dense.