| Owing to shikimic acid possesses varied biological activities,it is used extensively in drug,and especially it is intermediate of Tamiflu which can anti-bird flu.Owing to star anise oil possesses natural flagrance,bacteriostasis and antisepsis,it is used extensively in foods and drug.Using star anise fruit as raw material,the author researched heat reflux extraction,soxhlet extraction,microwaveassisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction of shikimic acid process,the extraction of star anise oil in marc which have been extracted shikimic acid,and the study of GC,GC-MS analysis of star anise oil.The results of these studies are showed as follows:(1) The best process parameters of heat reflux extraction of shikimic acid obtained by orthogonal test were:the ratio of solvent and sample:30:1,extraction time 3h,raw material granularity:40 mesh,the degree of the impact of factors:the ratio of solvent and sample＞extraction time＞raw material granularity;The obtain rate of shikimic acid from star anise fall fruit in the best conditions was 23.74mg/g,and obtain rate of the spring fruit was 12.84mg/g;(2) The best process parameters of Soxhlet extraction of shikimic acid obtained by orthogonal test were:the ratio of solvent and sample:30:1,extraction time 8h,raw material granularity:60 mesh,the degree of the impact of factors:the ratio of solvent and sample＞extraction time＞raw material granularity;The obtain rate of shikimic acid from star anise fall fruit in the best conditions was 27.28mg/g,and obtain rate of the spring fruit was 13.21mg/g;(3) The best process parameters of microwave-assisted extraction of shikimic acid obtained by orthogonal test were:power:200W,temperature:60℃,extraction time:15min,the ratio ofsolvent and sample:20:1,the degree of the impact of factors:the ratio of solvent and sample＞power＞extraction time＞temperature;The obtain rate of shikimic acid from star anise fall fruit in the best conditions was 29.66mg/g,and obtain rate of the spring fruit was 17.32mg/g;(4) The best process parameters of Ultrasound-assisted extraction of shikimic acid Obtained by orthogonal test were:extraction time:40min,power:144W,temperature:55℃,the ratio of solvent and sample:15:1,the degree of the impact of factors:temperature＞extraction time＞ the ratio of solvent and sample＞power;The obtain rate of shikimic acid from star anise fall fruit in the best conditions was 29.03mg/g,and obtain rate of the spring fruit was 14.46mg/g;(5) By comparing the four extraction processes found that the best extraction was microwave -assisted extraction,the obtain rate of fall fruit was 29.66mg/g,and spring fruit was 17.32mg/g, the effective of heat reflux extraction was the worst,the obtain rate of fall fruit was 23.74mg/g, and spring fruit was 12.84mg/g,the obtain rate of Soxhlet extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction were 27.28mg/g,29.03mg/g in fall fruit respectively,in spring fruit were 13.21mg/g, 14.46mg/g respectively;(6) By comparing the obtain rate of shikimic acid in spring and autumn fruit,finding that the content of shikimic acid in fall fruit was significantly higher than the spring fruit,the maximum extraction yield of shikimic acid in fall fruit can be achieved 29.66mg/g,but the maximum obtain rate of spring fruit was only 17.32mg/g.(7) The spring fruit and Marc contained more volatility components than fall fruit and Marc contained,the spring Marc after Ultrasound-assisted extraction of shikimic acid contained the maximum compounds,achieved to 39 species,and the fall Marc after Heat reflux extraction of shikimic acid contained the minimum compounds,only 20 species.(8) The star anise oil extracted from star anise spring fruit,fall fruit and Marc after Heat reflux extraction of shikimic acid had less types of small molecules of hydrocarbon compounds, Relative content of small molecules of hydrocarbon compounds in fall fruit was only 1.27%. The compounds in Marc after several other methods of extraction of shikimic acid were more or less the same,The spring fruit after ultrasound-assisted extraction of shikimic acid had the maximum of relative content of hydrocarbon compounds,whose relative content was 12.51%, No matter which method of extraction of shikirnic acid,the relative content of Anethole in Marc changed little,the spring Marc after Soxhlet extraction of shikimic acid had the highest content of Anethole about 79.96%.
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