Synthesis Of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids And Their Application In The Preparation Of Functional Materials

Imidazolium ionic liquids which have long hydrocarbon group were synthesized and applied to the sythesis of nanomaterals as well as microemulsion of styrene.Traditional imidazolium ionic liquids([C₁₄mim]BF₄ and[C₁₄mim]Br) and novel geminal imidazolium ionic liquid(1,4-Bis(3-tetradecylimidazolium-1-yl) butane bromide) were involved in our work.FTIR and ¹HNMR were applied to identify the molecular structure of two compounds.The results show that the products were our targets.There are hydrophobic long hydrocarbon group and hydrophilic imidazole in the imidazolium ionic liquids synthesized in our work,which are similar to that of traditional quaternary ammonium compound.The characteristic of their structures are the characteristic of surfactant.Therefore,they were tentatively used in the preparation of functunal materals in this work.Ag/carbon nano-hybrid were fabricated by the redox of glucose and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) in the presence of imidazolium ionic liquid([C₁₄mim]BF₄) under hydrothermal condition.The products were characterized by XRD,TEM(HRTEM),SEM,energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX),FTIR spectroscopy and Raman spectrometer. Monodisperse carbon hollow nanospheres encapsulating Ag nanoparticles in their cava and Ag/carbon nanocables were selectively prepared by varying the concentration of ionic liquids.Other reaction parameters,such as reaction temperature,reaction time and the mole ratio of silver nitrate to glucose,play important roles in controlling the structures of the products.The catalytic property of the product in the oxidation of butanol was investigated.Apart from that,the Gemini ionic liquid was used as emulsifier in the micro-emulsion polymerization of styrene.The dynamics of the polymerization and the diameter of the latex particles were studied.In addition,the effects of the concentration of emulsifier and monomer on the polymerization rate as well as the diameter of latex particles were also investigated.The results show that the micro-emulsion polymerization of styrene without cosurfactant was realized when Gemini ionlic liquid of certain concentration was used as emulsifier.Meanwhile,the results also give us the information that the average diameter of the latex particles is about 45nm and it become smaller when the concentration of emulsifier incease.The polymerization rate was found to increase with the increase of concentration of emulsifier.The transparent emulsion could be obtained even when the content of monomer was increased to 35%.For comparison,[C₁₄mim]Br and HTAB were also used as emulsifier.From the results,it was found that the smallest latex particles,the fastest polymerization rate and most stable emulsion was prepared when[C₁₄mim]Br was used comparing with HTAB and Gemini ionic liquid.