The Research On Kindergarten Fire Risk Assessment

With the increased number of pre-school children to receive early education in China,the kindergarten fire accident also frequently appears, a new topic of Kindergarten's fire safety is proposed in China.In Kindergarten, because of its many flammable liquids,personnel's particularity, and the fire save goal characteristics and so on difficulty, if a fire breaks out, easy to cause the personnel and the property massive losses. Therefore, the fire safety assessment to Kindergarten can effectively prevent and control the occurrences of fire accidents. It is very important to the fire protection of Kindergarten.In this paper, based on the analysis and discussion of the methods of the present fire safety assessment, according to the characteristics of Kindergarten, a fire safety index system is founded. The calculation methods for the weight of evaluation indexes and fuzzy calculation were described. With using the BuildingExodus method, when the kindergarten fire accident occurs, personnel scattered situation is carried on the simulation. Finallyfuzzy mathematics theory, the fuzzy synthesized assessment method was applied in the fire safety assessment of the Kindergarten, and the scientific and the validity were proved by the practical samples. Its main contents are following:(1)Aiming at the fire features of the Kindergarten, consulted the anti-fire rules of buildings and through the enactment of the fields of the public works, consulted some experts, the multi-level evaluation indexes of the fire risk of the Kindergarten were established.(2)The weights of the indexes determined with AHP by combination of the quality and the quantification were more scientific and reasonable, the important degree of the index factors of the fire effect was preferably reflected the weights determination.(3)In view of kindergarten characteristic, selecting the BuildingExodus method, when the kindergarten fire accident occurs, personnel evacuation situation is simulated. By simulating, it can come to the safe evacuation of kindergartens meet the required design , it provides the basis to making the kindergarten fire prevention measures.(4)The synthesized assessment method for the fire safety assessment of the Kindergarten was applied to the assessment of the fire risk of a Kindergarten , and the fire risk degree of the works was acquire with the assessment theory and methods in this paper.(5)Finally, the union kindergarten fire risk assessment's result and the personnel evacuation simulation result, proposed the kindergarten fire risk control technical measures.