Geochemistry Characteristics Of Heavy Metal Elements In The Soil And Its Quality Conditions, Pengshan County, Sichuan, China

With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, many contaminations discharged into soil in different ways that make the soil's structure and function worsen and soil's quality descend, worsening the quality of environment .Heavy metal element have the most pollution effect .It can endangers human being health through the food chain and the air dust, further more infulences the air and the water,so it is worth to study it.Eight types of heavy metal elements (cadmium(Cd)),lead(Pb),chrome(Cr),mer-cury(Hg),arsenic(As),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),rsenic(As)) in agriculture surface layer soil of Pengshan county in Sichuan province ,are investigated and researched. Spatial content distribution indicated that the consistency : high content in the south-west, especially near the pengxie road and hongsi village.Carrying on statisticsing analysis about the tested data, the results of the average contents of AS ,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,Zn are 8.70μg/g,0.33μg/g,82.37μg/g,36.37μg/g,0.10μg/g,36.15μg/g,36.23μg/g,92.84μg/g.Contents of heavy metal elements are higher than Chengdu economonic surface layer, except As. Comparing with the other civil cities, the contents of heavy metal elements are higher than Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, lanzhou ,Huzhou.Pengshan belongs to high contents area.Carrying on geochemistry radix-line theories study of agriculture surface layer soil heavy metal elements about Pengshan county, the results of geochemistry radix-line contents of Cd are 0.196μg/g;the results of geochemistry radix-line contents of As are 6.22μg/g; Zn are 68.4μg/g; Ni are 29.6μg/g; Pb are 23.7μg/g; Cu are 28.3μg/g; Hg are 0.06μg/g; Cr are 6.0μg/g. Further, the range of heavy metal elements enrichment coefficient from big to small is Hg>Pb>As>Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr >Cd, Hg and Pb have a high enrichment coefficient .Through the correlation analysis, finds the five heavy metal elements have the same source. The quality of soil is assessment by Individual pollution index and Integrated Pollution Index. The range of the Individual pollution index is Cd>Ni>Cr>Zn>Cu>As>Hg>Pb. Comparing with the range of Individual pollution index , higher level Cd cause pollution of the soil environment .We can judge the source of heavy metal element from the correlation analysis. Absolute sense, as a result of a single source does not exist, it is generally formed by a variety of pollutants combined pollution. Inter-related elements of significant and highly significant that the element has a homologous relationship between the general or combined pollution. Studies have shown the correlation between five heavy metal elements in the analysis are very high, so the elements have the same source.The reasons of high soil heavy metals content in Pengshan city, mainly are soil female rock heavy metals content influence, exhaustion of industry three discardings , a long period of time using fertilizer, automobile exhaust gas and mankind's activity influences and so on.