Financial Policy Study Of Controlling The Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution

Since the entry of the 21st century, people's life become better and better. However, the relationship of human and nature is becoming unharmonious and environment continuously deteriorate. With effective control of the point source pollution which has the character of fixed limber hole, for example industrial sewerage and townie sewerage, the Non-point Source Pollution with the character of unfixed limber hole has already become a major threat of environment, resources and society to reach the aim of sustainable development, especially the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution. It means the water, atmosphere and soil pollution caused by the nutriment such as nitrogen, phosphorus, pesticide and other dispersive contaminations. Under the development of market economy in rural areas, Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution brings seriously impacts to agricultural ecosystem. Up to now, unhappily, the problem of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution isn't still bringing the public's attention. Adding finance policies systems' incompletion, the research so mostly focus on general description about Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution and abroad experiences that people can't roundly understanding inner reasons to Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution and rise some virtual measures.Rural households are the main producers in China. On the view of agricultural ecosystem, the paper deeply analyses the relationship of rural households' behavior and Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution and the finance policies clue about regulating Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution. Firstly, the paper defines two conceptions about the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution and the finance policies. Secondly, the dissertation makes analysis the relationship of the economic development and the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution. Then the dissertation makes out a conclusion that the agricultural non-point source pollution is caused by market failure and the rural households' irrationality. It is basis for finance policies' management. Thirdly, the dissertation makes analysis of current situation of China's Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution and the shortage on finance policies controlling the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution. Finally, based on analyzing the experience in controlling the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution of the developed countries, this dissertation rise the reform heading of the finance policy system which are law system reform, confirming finance functions, compartmentalizing the routine power and financial power, consummating the subsidy and tax policy and etc.The main content and conclusions of the dissertation are as follows.Firstly, with previous studies the dissertation makes analysis the relationship of the economic development and the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution. It is found that the economic development exerts both deteriorating and optimizing effect on the agricultural non-point source pollution. And the relationship between economic development and agricultural non-point pollution is characterized with the inverted "U". At the stage of being, it is on the phase of modern agriculture. The economy and Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution rose together. If we continue the agriculture production methods before, depend on itself to realize pollution, it will may be over the "zoology inconvertibility threshold" and take the agroecosystem degenerate, ultimately irretrievable.Secondly, this dissertation finds out the microscopic reason why Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution aggravates of the environment and resources is irrational which is caused by the rural households' irrationality production behavior and the market failure. They are caused by the externality of the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, the zoology cognitive limitation of rural households, uncertainty and short-run act.Thirdly, the dissertation makes analysis on the effect of rural households' production behavior on agricultural non-point source pollution. And by testifying the investigated data of 100 rural households from Shandong Province, the dissertation establishes Logit binary choice model to analyze the rural households' willingness and the influencing factors to decline the dosage of contaminations causing agricultural non-point source pollution. It is concluded that besides the basic variable such as family income, rural households' literacy and so on, these influencing factors also mostly contain a variety of factors, such as whether rural households recognize the dosage of these contaminations is overcommitted, whether these will cause agricultural non-point source pollution, whether rural households have ever received fertilization guidance provided by Agro-technical Spread Station and the rural households' attitude towards risks and so on.Fourthly, this dissertation makes comparison of the policies for controlling Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution of developed countries. It is found that it must make the legislation precession. Then intensify the finance function. Meanwhile, compartmentalize the routine power and financial power rationally. During controlling the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, we must pay attention to assort with the subsidy measures and tax measures and then pay more attention to handle the subsidy policies. At the same time, it is also important to strengthen the ecological education to rural households' in order to ameliorate the situation of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution from the source.