Study On The Market Mechanism Of Forest Ecological Service Compensation In The Upper Reaches Of Min River

Since the reform and opening, a sustained and rapid growth in the national economy leads to many environmental questions such as excessive burden, imbalance between supply and demand, etc. The situation is very severe and endangers the healthy development of National Economy. West China is the upper reaches of many rivers and the source of Aeolian. The environmental quality is directly related to the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and the whole country, and influences on the national economic and social development and ecological environment protection. Because the inconsistency between paying and incoming areas in environmental problem and environment has the character of public goods, many people fall into a misunderstanding which environments is invaluable and have the tendency of free ride. The value of forest ecological benefits can not be reflected in market exchange. So it is very necessary to establish an ecological compensation mechanism. Comparing with traditional measures with command, economic incentives, receiving increasing attention, have an obvious benefit with cost-benefit and a stronger incentive-inhibition, one of which is ecological compensation.Based on review of the outside theory and practice for forest ecological service compensation, the paper briefly introduces the development stage and course of forest ecological compensation in our country, profoundly analyzes three key questions in it, which are concept, standard and mode in ecological compensation. Taking the upstream Min River as an example, the paper analyzes the main body of compensation and compensated in forest ecological compensation by CVM. At the same time the paper computes the compensation standard by the method of ecology and economics, and through spot investigation designs the market mechanism of ecological compensation. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) According to space variation law of forest ecological benefits, the paper takes the dwellers, corporations and governments that inhabit between Dujiangyan and Leshan in the lower reaches of Min River as forest ecological service compensation subject. The compensated subjects are dwellers and governments in the upstream Min River. These subjects play an important role in forest ecological compensation. The lower reaches compensate the upper reaches in term of some standards; accordingly the upper reaches should afford eligible produces of forest ecological serves to the lower reaches by appointment. CVM indicates that 60.8% people have the willing for payment in the lower reaches of Min River. Besides, the education, household income and other factors have an obvious effect to compensatory willing.(2) By the method of ecology and economics, the paper respectively computes the compensatory standards, which are 462.20 yuan and 44.00 yuan per family in one year. As a result of two different methods have respectively advantages and disadvantages, the paper establishes another method which integrates the advantages of the two methods is experts' consultation method and by this method compensatory standard is 215.5 yuan per family in one year.(3) Based on the investigation of compensation and compensated subject, according to their wills the paper designs the market mechanism of forest ecological service compensation in the upper reaches of Min River.