Research On The Forest Ecological Compensation Mechanism Of The Upper Reaches Of The Minjiang River

The upper reaches of the Minjiang River is the ecological barriers of the Chendu Plain, which plays an important part in sustainable development of regional economy. Because of human's destruction and natural factors' combination impacting, the ecological environment of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River has been destroyed to be a topical ecologically fragile distribution. Constructing and protecting the local ecological environment has been necessary. Forest is one of the important ecosystems in upper reaches of the Minjiang River, therefore, researching on the forest ecological compensation mechanism of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River becomes an important problem of sustainable development of economy, society and environment in the western region.Firstly, this paper summarized the concepts of forest ecological benefit and forest ecological compensation mechanism from a theoretical point of view. From environmental economics and the economics perspective, using the compensation for the use of resources theory, the public product theory and external theory to discuss the necessity of the forest ecological compensation mechanism. On this basis and in view of the forest ecological compensation principle, providing the theoretical basis for establishing the compensation subjects and objects of the forest ecological compensation mechanism, compensation standards and channels; then, this paper took the Returning Farmland to Forests Project as an example to analyze its effects and problems in practice by comparing the Returning Farmland to Forests Project with the Natural Forest Protection Project. To deal with the above problems, it brought inparticular theory--Game Theory, to analyze the current compensation subject andcompensation object, and their decision-making and behaviors of the forest ecological compensation mechanism of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River.Through these analyses, it reached the following basic conclusions: (1) These chief ingredients, which had a lasting effect on the result of forest ecological compensation policy of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, are the level and the opportunity probability of local farmers' income of going out to work; (2) It is inefficient that establishing and improving the forest ecological compensation mechanism only depends on adding the compensation standards. The better way to protect the Minjiang River forest ecological environment not only contained the above compensation method, but also included compensation years, compensation approach and compensation mode. According to those above factors such as these problems in ecological compensation policy, these factors that affected policies implantation results, the paper puts out the ideas to perfect the forest ecological compensation mechanism of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River: (1) diversifying compensation entities, approach and modes; (2) determining reasonable compensation standard and compensation years; (3) establishing multiple operation compensation mechanisms, including the central government transfer the payment of compensation mechanism vertically, inter-regional compensation mechanism for the lower reaches of the Minjiang River, the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River transfer the payment of compensation mechanism horizontally, the upper reaches of the Minjiang River of self-compensation mechanism and the assistance from the domestic and foreign nongovernmental organizations compensation mechanism.A sound forest ecological benefit compensation mechanism may internalize its external diseconomy and encourage persons who protect and construct the ecological environment to push the process of ecological environment construction. The author hopes that the paper's conclusions will provide some reference and inspiration for forest ecological compensation policy of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, promote the ecological environment construction of the western region and make a new thinking way to realize coordinate and sustainable development among society, economy and environment.