Study On Preparation Technology Of Biodiesel And Intelligent Controller Apparatus Designing

The environment and energy problems arouses concerns about finding new fuel to replace rock oil, biodiesel is a excellent candidate for its renewable raw materials and little pollution.Using four-grade rapseed oil as reactant, optimization and quality improvent of biodiesel through trandesterification with methanol under homogeneous base catalyst was found. The influence factors such as weight ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst quantity, reaction time and reaction temperature were studied. Saponification-high iodic acid oxidation method was adopted to mensure transformation efficiency. Physicochemical characteristics such as cetane number, distillation range, kinematic viscosity, flash point were mearsured in accordance with GB. The best reaction condition under which transformation efficiency reached 95% were as follows:reaction temperature is 45℃, time is 60min, catalyst quantity is lwt%, weight ratio of methanol to oil is 1:5. The physicochemical characteristics of biodiesel is close to the quality of 0#diesel oil used in China.Biodiesel can be synthesized from transesterification catalyzed by high active solid base under mild reaction conditions, and the high active solid base catalyst shows a good prospect in avoidance the difficulty of products separation and purification and the problem of environmental pollution from the transesterification catalyzed by homogeneous base. The technology of N/M solid base catalyst prepared by equal volume impregnation and biodiesel prepared from waste cooking oil was studied. By using.SEM and XRD to characterize the solid base catalyst and combining with biodiesel conversion rate, it was obtained that the optimum conditions for catalyst preparation were:10% of N dosage on M,600℃of calcination temperature,5h of calcination time. And by optimizing the effect of four factors (temperature, catalyst dosage, reaction time, mass ratio of methanol to oil) on conversion rate of biodiesel through Box-Behnken mode of response surface methodology, a mathematical model for the conversion rate of biodiesel was built. The analysis of significance and variance of the model showed that the model was valid and reliable. The optimum technology for the preparation of biodiesel catalyzed by solid base catalyst was: 63.8℃of reaction temperature,3.3% of quality ratio of catalyst to oil,5.51 h of reaction time and 1:2.97 of weight ratio of methanol to oil. The predicted highest conversion rate of biodiesel was 91.42%, which was in consistent with the measured value. Expert higher viscosity, the quality of biodiesel was better than 0#diesel oil used in China.We already have new solid base catalyst technology and heterogeneous catalyze experience, so designing intelligent controller apparatus to produce biodiesel with wco is our next aim. The primary design ideas are advanced in the thesis.