Study On Application Of Rs And GIS In Wetland Dynamic Monitoring

Wetlands are one of the most productive ecosystems of the nature and the most important living environment of mankind. It is not only the habitats and breeding grounds for a number of wildlife, but also the important source of human life and production. However, the damage of the wetland environment are increased in pace of the rapid growth of the population and the development of the industrialization and urbanization because of the wetland are extremely weak. It is one of the most concerning social issue that how to prevent pollution of wetlands and avoid degradation and disappearance of the wetlands.The paper is based of the Yellow River wetlands in Inner Mongolia. For the purpose of protecting and making use of the Yellow River wetlands resources scientifically, we use the remote sensing and GIS technology to research the wetland resources in Inner Mongolia. We find the distribution and the change situation and the developing trend of wetland in study area. Thence, it provides the basic data for the local economic development and environment planning and so the technical support for the local management and sustainable development of wetlands. The major work and research of the paper include the following aspects:(1) There is no uniform standard for the wetland classification. The paper analyzed the original features of the wetland classification system and proposed a conformable wetland classification scheme to the study area. This is convenient for information extraction and analysis.(2) Collecting the relevant material of the study area and in order to enhance the interpretation of the remote sensing image, I preprocess of the remote sensing images,including band synthesis, image correction and image enhancement. At the same time, I analysis the every bands of images, prepare for the wetland information extraction.(3) The area of the Yellow River wetlands in Inner Mongolia is large, so we must use the efficient automatic or semi-automatic information extraction methods to increase the work efficiency. In the paper, I adopt the wetland automatic information extraction method (decision tree) to extract the river wetland and the lake wetland of the study area, and then extract the swamp wetland by the HCI(Human-Computer Interaction) extraction method.(4) Using the technique of GIS space analysis, I analysis the regular pattern of the time and space variation of the Yellow River wetlands in Inner Mongolia, Including the variation of the area, the speed of the change, the proportions of wetlands in different periods and the trend of the change. Combined with the climate and cultural features, I propose the recommendations from the perspective of natural and man-made causes of wetland change.