| With the development of the economic, social, industry and urbanization, as well as the dramatically increasing emissions of the industrial and municipal wastewater, based on the significantly increased demand of fresh water resources, the conflict between the scarcity and the requirement of the fresh water are become increasingly sharpen day by day. Such series issues had made the problem of how it could be purified and reasonable and effective application and so on became one of the critical factors that matter on how to ease the severe burden of the urgent need. Under the premise of how to follow the ecological fundamental principals: regional diversities, circulation and regeneration, overall optimization etc, strengthening the exploit research of technological technique in sewage disposal, which plays a vital role in improving the social, economical and environmental efficiency, as for accelerating the process of industrialization, promoting China's environmental protection and ecological construction work. Therefore, selecting sewage repairing technology of good effectiveness and low cost has become the great subject which needed to be resolved urgently.Above all, the research took the method of comprehensive survey and typical investigation to investigate the pollution of wastewater around Jinshan Area, Changshan Region (including the Jinshan municipal sewage factory, Xiangban municipal sewage factory, municipal sewage of the Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) of Fuzhou. The research analyzed the detail survey of the current contaminative status, from the TN,NH3-N,TP,COD and heavy metal (Cu,Cr,Zn,Pb) pollutions. Based on the comprehensively mastered the current contaminative status, combined with the former phase research, selected the emerging plant——Canna indiace, assisted with the document retrieval and field investigation, according to the matrix functional requirements, choosing vermiculite, artificial zeolite, cylinder activated carbon with better permeability, larger specific surface area, rich resources distributed, and modern technological packing (combined packing) of special manufacture in the purpose of purifying wetlands as the research materials. By using of investigating the current wastewater pollutants, screening experiment on matrix allocation, researching on the absorption and mechanism of municipal pollutants under different matrix allocations and researching on the absorption and mechanism of municipal pollutants under different matrix allocations planted with aquatic plants. To compare the pollutants absorption among different matrix allocations and the pollutants absorption among different matrix allocations planted with aquatic plants, we tried to screen out the greater accumulation ability and matrix system of biological treatment suitable for municipal treatment, and reveal its interaction mechanism, offered for application of municipal purifying in Fuzhou. The main results of research are as follows:1. The result of investigations in Jinshan municipal sewage factory, Xiangban municipal sewage factory, municipal sewage of the Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU) showed that: the contaminative status was relatively serious and similar between Jinshan municipal sewage factory and municipal sewage of the FAFU. The contaminative status of Xiangban municipal sewage factory was slight. The contents of COD,NH3-N,TP,TN all were exceed standard in the three areas. Only Pb were detected exceed standard among four heavy metals (Pb,Cu,Cr,Zn) in Jinshan municipal sewage factory, Xiangban municipal sewage factory, municipal sewage of the FAFU, respectively 54.6,21.9,39 times.2. The analysis of the 6 mix-matrixes screened research showed: the mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite, the mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing, the mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing have better purifying effects, suitable for municipal water treatments.3. Through comparing the ability to remove contaminations (COD,NH3-N,TN,TP) under all kinds of matrixes found: the order of adsorption capacity for COD under all kinds of matrixes was as follow: vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > cylinder activated carbon > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > combined packing > artificial zeolite; the order of adsorption capacity for TN was as follow: artificial zeolite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > cylinder activated carbon > combined packing; the order of adsorption capacity for TP was as follow: mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > cylinder activated carbon > vermiculite > combined packing > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing = mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > artificial zeolite; the order of adsorption capacity for NH3-N was as follow: artificial zeolite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > cylinder activated carbon > combined packing > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing.4. Through comparing the ability to remove heavy metals(Zn,Cu,Pb,Cr)under all kinds of matrixes found: the highest absorption rate of Cu were found at the eleventh day under all kinds of matrix allocations, the order of absorption capacity for Cu was as follow: vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > cylinder activated carbon > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > combined packing > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > artificial zeolite; the highest absorption rate of Zn were found at the eleventh day under all kinds of matrix allocations, the order of absorption capacity for Zn was as follow: mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > vermiculite > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > cylinder activated carbon > combined packing > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > artificial zeolite; the highest absorption rate of Pb under the vermiculite,mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite were found at the third day, the absorption rate were respectively 99.69%,99.65%, the order of absorption capacity for Pb under all kinds of matrixes was as follow: vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > combined packing > cylinder activated carbon > artificial zeolite; the highest absorption rate of Cr were found at the eleventh day under all kinds of matrix allocations, the order of absorption capacity for Cr was as follow: combined packing > cylinder activated carbon > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > artificial zeolite. To illustrate the removal rate of heavy metals were strong under all kinds of matrixes, among which vermiculite,mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing etc were suitable for industrial and mining sewage.5. Through comparing the ability to remove contaminations (COD,NH3-N,TN,TP) under all kinds of matrixes planted with Canna indiace showed that, the absorption rate of COD under vermiculite planted with Canna indiace, which arrive 90% at the eleventh day, were best among all trial materials. The order of adsorption capacity for COD under all kinds of matrixes was as follow: vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > cylinder activated carbon > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > combined packing > artificial zeolite; the absorption rate of TN under mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite planted with Canna indiace, which arrive almost 90% at the eleventh day, were best among all trial materials. The order of adsorption capacity for TN under all kinds of matrixes was as follow: mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > artificial zeolite > cylinder activated carbon > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > combined packing; the absorption rate of TP under mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing planted with Canna indiace, which arrive almost 90% at the seventh day, were best among all trial materials. The order of adsorption capacity for TP under all kinds of matrixes was as follow: mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > vermiculite > cylinder activated carbon > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > combined packing > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > artificial zeolite; the absorption rate of NH3-N under mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite planted with Canna indiace, which arrive almost 70% at the seventh day, were best among all trial materials. The order of absorption capacity for NH3-N under all kinds of matrixes was as follow: mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > artificial zeolite > vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > combined packing > cylinder activated carbon > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing. To explain the absorption rate under all kinds of matrixes planted with Canna indiace were strong, especially under vermiculite planted with Canna indiace and all kinds of mix-matrixes including vermiculite planted with Canna indiace (mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite,mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing), which were the first choice for municipal treatment.6. Through comparing the ability to remove heavy metals(Zn,Cu,Pb,Cr)under all kinds of matrixes planted with Canna indiace found: the highest absorption rate of Cu were found at the sixteenth day under all kinds of matrix allocations, the order of absorption capacity for Cu was as follow: vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > cylinder activated carbon > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > combined packing > artificial zeolite; the order of absorption capacity for Zn under all trial matrixes planted with Canna indiace was as follow: mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > cylinder activated carbon > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > combined packing > artificial zeolite; the order of absorption capacity for Pb under all trial matrixes planted with Canna indiace was as follow: vermiculite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > combined packing > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > cylinder activated carbon > artificial zeolite; the order of absorption capacity for Cr under all trial matrixes planted with Canna indiace was as follow: mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing > vermiculite > cylinder activated carbon > mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing > combined packing > mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite > artificial zeolite. To illustrate the removal rate of heavy metals were strong under all kinds of matrixes planted with Canna indiace, especially under vermiculite planted with Canna indiace and all kinds of mix-matrixes including vermiculite planted with Canna indiace (mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing,mix-matrix of vermiculite and cylinder activated carbon,mix-matrix of vermiculite and artificial zeolite)had strong absorption rate for four heavy metals, among which the absorption rate under mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing planted with Canna indiace were highest, suitable for industrial sewage treatment in Fuzhou.7. Through analyzing the nitrogen and phosphorus content in Canna indiace after harvest found: The phosphorus content of Canna indiace's aerial part were varied from 3.95-4.56 g·kg-1 , among which the phosphorus content were much higher under vermiculite,cylinder activated carbon and mix-matrix of cylinder activated carbon and combined packing, to be 4.56 g·kg-1,4.46 g·kg-1,4.29 g·kg-1 respectively. The phosphorus content of Canna indiace's underground part were varied from2.75-3.37 g·kg-1 . The nitrogen content of Canna indiace's aerial part were varied from 1.08-2.14 g·kg-1, among which the phosphorus content were much higher under the mix-matrix of vermiculite and combined packing, to be 2.14 g·kg-1. The nitrogen content of Canna indiace's underground part were varied from 0.55-0.98 g·kg-1. To illustrate the content of nitrogen and phosphorus were increased during the research.
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