Study On Characteristics Of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution In The Songhua River Basin

Songhua River is one of the seven major rivers in China, and is very important to Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces. Songhua River import Heilongjiang River which is the boundary river of China-Russia. Heilongjiang River is the main international river, the water quality safety have great strategic importance to maintain national interests, relationship with China-Russia and the economic development in border areas.Utilize the statistics at county level of farming region in Songhua River basin (Mainly include the consumption of chemical fertilizer, the sown area of various crop, demographic data, grain yield and so on), and the nitrogen rate of people and animals excrement that issue at documents and materials. Utilize the Emission coefficient model, study the agriculture Non-point source pollution of Songhua River basin, regard GIS software and relevant software as the technological means, use the TM image to obtain vector data of research district, combine investigation, obtain the total amount of 2008 agriculture Non-point source pollution of Songhua River basin, Summarize the distribution of space-time of total amount of agriculture Non-point source pollution of Songhua River basin, offer the basic data for protection, renovation of the water environment in Songhua River basin.The result of study indicates, the load of agriculture Non-point source pollution of Songhua River basin: Total amount of COD load is 4891392.89 tons, total amount of TN load is 1588915.15 tons, total amount of TP load is 1709372.67 tons, among them the proportions of COD total amount is majority in agriculture Non-point source pollution, accounts for 59.7%. all kinds of agriculture Non-point source pollution of water: The pollution of beasts and birds cultivate is 51.2%, the pollution of domestic is 6.5%, the pollution of chemical fertilizer and pesticide is 34.1%, the pollution of the solid offal is 8.3%, the primary pollution source is the beasts and birds cultivate pollution, chemical fertilizer and pesticides pollution, solid offal pollution sources.The main sources of the agricultural non-point pollution of Songhua River Basin are the country domestic sewage, the breed livestock and the pesticide fertilizer. Through research and analyze the main sources non-point pollution, estimate the total nitrogen,the total phosphor,the total COD load capacity, calculate the rate about pesticide fertilizer, breed livestock and domestic sewage in total nitrogen, and then reveal the main sources about load capacity of total nitrogen in non-point pollution are from pesticide fertilizer and breed livestock. At last obtain the spatial distribution character of the total nitrogen in Songhua River Basin.use of the USLE model and the GIS software to calculate the water and soil erosion and reveal its spatial distribution character, and provide scientific basis for the best control measure.