Accumulation And Subcellular Distributions Of Copper And Lead In Herba Plantaginis

According to the distribution characteristics of Herba Plantagini, we determined that Herba Plantagini taken from sites at Baobeidang (BBD) and Luxian (LX) in Sichuan Province as the research object,which had some differences in the ecological environment. A pot experiment was conducted to study Cu,Pb tolerance and accumulation characteristics, reveal the distribution of Cu,Pb in leaves of H. Plantagini on subcellular level. Furthermore, this paper researched the enriching abilities and the potential applications on environmental purification of H. Plantagini. The result showed that as follows:(1) The growth of H. Plantagini was significantly inhibited by Cu,Pb and CuPb combined pollution. The plant height, root length and biomass in plants from BBD and LX showed decreasing trend with the increase of concentration. When the concentration exceeded a certain value, this inhibitory effect weakened. They reach the minimum values at a soil concentration of 1500 mg kg-1. The plant height from LX were significantly higher than that from BBD. However, the resistance to heavy metal stress of plants from BBD was higher than that from LX with the increase of concentration. It took significant toxic effects on root of plants from the two sites when the concentrations got a certain value. The plant biomass from BBD was higher than that from LX. The underground part was inhibited under high concentration treatment.(2) The chlorophyll content of H. Plantagini from BBD and LX showed a downward trend with the increase of concentration. LSD test was used to analysis the chlorophyll content of different treatment. The chlorophyll content of plants from BBD showed highly significant difference between treatment of Cu, Pb and CuPb combined pollution(P= 0.0012, P=0.0023, P=0.0005). For plants from LX, there was significant difference of Cu treatment (P=0.0153), and highly significant difference existed for Pb and CuPb combined treatment(P=0.008, P=0.0003). High concentration treatment had a greater impact on the chlorophyll content from BBD. The chlorophyll a content was higher than chlorophyll b content of plants from the two sites, and the chlorophyll a and b content of plants from LX were all higher than that from BBD.(3) Cu, Pb content of H. Plantagini from BBD and LX showed a upward trend with the increase of concentration of Cu, Pb and CuPb combined treatment(P<0.01). The Cu content of plants from BBD was higher than that from LX. It showed that the plants from BBD had a higher absorptive capacity than that from LX, H. Plantagini was a potential copper restoration plant. The Pb content of plants from BBD was higher than that from LX. The Pb content of plants from BBD of CuPb combined treatment was higher than Cu, and the Cu content and Pb content were higher than that of the single-metal treatment. It indicated that combined treatment promoted the absorption of copper and lead, and which was synergism. The BTC and BC of plants from LX was lower than that from BBD, which indicated that the transfer and ability of accumulate Cu and Pb of plants from BBD was better than that from LX.(4) Due to the subcellular distribution of H. Plantagini, we found that the biomass and the content of Cu and Pb were higher in H. Plantagini from BBD than that from LX. The levels of Cu and Pb in H. Plantagini from BBD were highest in the cytoplasmic organelles, less in the cell wall and lowest in the cytoplasmic supernatant. The levels of Cu and Pb in H. Plantagini from LX were highest in the cell wall, less in the cytoplasmic organelles and lowest in the cytoplasmic supernatant. The level of Pb was higher than that of Cu in all subcellular fractions. BBD seeds taken from Baobeidang mineral Areas in Sichuan Province, LX seeds taken from the Luxian farmland in Sichuan Province. The results indicated that differences in the environment may affect the subcellular distribution of heavy metals in the plant.