Study Of Emergency Monitoring Of Sudden Water Environmental Pollution Accident

During the process including the social production and use of dangerous goods in the production, transport,use, storage and disposal in daily life, and dueing to natural disasters or man-made factors such as operational errors and negligence, at instant of time, the highly toxic pollutants are malignant large, abnormal discharge or leakage, which causes the water environment pollutant and destructive, and causes the people's lives and property huge losses and serious threat, which is sudden water environmental pollution accident which has no fixed-into way and fixed-emission way. In recent years, sudden water pollution accidents occurs frequently, but still has some emergency monitoring problems, such as, about the sudden water pollution monitoring, the distribution of which is no uniform standard, and in the emergency monitoring, often due to no established and reliable monitoring technology, the timing of monitoring is delayed and causes incident spreading, and large and medium cities in China has basically established environmental monitoring agency independent of the emergency monitoring system, but some lake River region at the district level, and even municipal environmental monitoring agency is still not perfect and so on. This paper deploys the problems of emergency monitoring in this paper enumerated and three conclusions are given below.(1)This chapter analyzed the important role and significance of the current distribution of emergency monitoring status and monitoring point's layout of the emergency responding monitoring and even sudden water pollution incidents. Scientific and reasonable spot location was the keys of an emergency monitoring and control of water pollution accident to success. And in accordance with the development trend of the incident it divided into an accident early, during, and after three periods, and the three monitoring points during the different sampling methods and principles of the layout was analyzed and discussed. And diffusion models of the instantaneous and continuous point source for rivers and lakes and reservoirs were determined, for example, the river bank of continuous point source diffusion model easily selected: c(x,y)=ch+(cpQp)/(H(?)){exp(-(uy2)/(4Myx))+exp[-(u(2B-y)2)/(4Myx)]}(2)Sudden water pollution accident, because of sudden, was very difficult to accurately conduct a comprehensive grasp of pollutants, and environmental pollutants in water samples because of rapid changes, needed the high monitoring technology in demand. The author introduced sudden water pollution incident emergency water monitoring technology and did a systematic analysis, and proposed that in doing preliminary work, emergency monitoring program should give priority to use test tubes, chemical assay and integrated water instrumentation method. For inorganic pollution, it was priority given choice including test tube method, comprehensive instrumentation, ion meter method and the IC method. For organic pollution, it was given choice including test tube method, pocket and portable detector gas chromatography.(3)Emergency monitoring system was aimed to provide the scientific rigor of the monitoring protection for sudden emergency monitoring of water environment. To achieve the scientific rigor of the monitoring purposes, it needed to effectively improve the monitoring capacity, such as, ability to grasp the risks of information, monitoring organizational capacity, monitoring capabilities. Emergency Monitoring Support System was to monitor the capabilities of the security which also was a prerequisite. The author did a further detailed analysis about accidental pollution of water bodies monitoring system, and not only took the case of Songhua River pollution accident explosion monitoring as an example supporting that system should be paid attention to analyze, but also gave a new detailed description of the implementation in the country of Xingan and gave a certain of ideas of the water pollution sudden emergency monitoring. Two different cases could provide some emergency monitoring the reference of such work.The author focus on the study about emergency monitoring of sudden water environmental pollution accident, the study on the basic knowledge to monitor the process of monitoring the distribution and monitoring technology, which made some basic concepts and theories, and further improved the water against sudden environmental emergency monitoring support system. It is hoped that this thesis can provide some news thoughts for construction and management of emergency monitoring of sudden water environment pollution accident and the plan.