Research And Control Of Surface Subsidence Disaster Of Mining In The Thick Loess Covered Area

Resources in western China are abundant. It's the important resource strategic base in our country, but also is the most fragile ecological area in China. With the constant enlargement of mining range and intensity, the frequency and intensity of surface subsidence disaster caused by mining are strengthened greatly, which aggravate the environmental deterioration in western mining area. Most mining areas in western are covered by thick soil, whose physical and mechanical characteristics make the particularity of surface subsidence disaster.Based on the investigation of present mining damage and observation data of ground movement and deformation in the typical thick collapsible loess covered place such as Tong Chuan, Pu Bai, Cheng He and Huang Ling mines, this thesis summarizes the principles of ground movement and deformation in these place through analyzing its types and characteristics of surface subsidence disaster and obtaining the main influence factors to disaster degree. By using the prediction theory of ground movement and deformation caused by mining, coal rock strength theory, the controlling and reducing subsidence disaster methods such as harmonic mining, height limited mining and strip mining, the thesis analyses and determines the controlling theory and methods suitable for mining surface subsidence disaster in the typical thick collapsible loess covered area. Taking the mining under village with coal pillar in Wang Jia-yao mine as example, it determines the characteristic parameters to ground movement and deformation through analyzing suitability of the controlling methods by similar material simulation, numerical calculation and influence function prediction, which provides evidences for mines to choose the scientific and rational mining methods.