Research On Mechanism Of Ecological Compensation Within One Basin Among Different Industries

Good basin ecology can provide clean water to other industries within the basin, and form various important environmental services such as landscape, hydropower industry, and freshwater culture industry and so on. But with the development of the economy and society in China, the industies who use water as vector continues to increase, and they have more and more demand to eclolgical services, while the basin is also bear greater pressure, the contradiction berween basin environment and resources is getting more and more obvious. The pressure which the basin taken is transformed to the ecology output industies in the upper reaches, and make its own development severly damaged. How to effectively solute the relationship among the related interest industries, and berween environment and development become the urgent task.The basin ecological environment belongs to public goods,"free ride"phenome- non is very common, and the disjunction between the protection of basin ecological environment and benefit is seriously, deterioration of the ecological environment is difficult to change. Ecological compensation within one basin among different industries as the organic part of the basin ecological compensation is to adjust the economic interests and environmental interests'distribution relationship of the related industries within the basin which caused by positive externality of water resources and ecological environment, and is the institutional arrangements which internalize the external costs generated by related activities. Some areas and basins at home and abroad have already been explored ecological compensation, and accumulated valuable experience. Based on relatively mature ecological theory of compensation, and the status quo of the domestic and foreign research, emphasis on the point of marketization, selects the the industies within the basin who use water as vector as the main bodies, and chooses tourism, hydropower industry and freshwater culture industry as the typical industries, analyse the issue which ecological compensation must solve which are the subject and the object of compensation, compensation standard and the way of compensation, shows the reasonable of compensation of industries who use water as vector to downstream, and accoding to different industries and different use of water, from operating profits, use of water and surface area of water these three different accounting methods to discuss the compensation standard. In order to make compensation standard more practical, this article based on different accounting methods, contact the exisiting case of ecological compensation, in view of reality, through the mechanism of gamen theory-negotiation, introduce the coefficient of negotiation ability to determine the calculation formula of compesation amount.In the view of the initial stage of the basin ecologicao compensation in our country, we based mainly on the government compensation. This article based on the comparison of government dominant and market-oriented compensation, clarified that market-oriented compensation is very necessary, market-oriented compensation is a useful supplementary to government dominant compensation. Through financial compensation, in-kind compensation, intellectual compensation and other compensation, let the industries who get the compensation can be compensated as much as possible, guarantee the ecological compensation implemented smoothly.Finally, this article also studies the auxiliary mechanism of ecological compensation within one basin among different industries, built a framework for ecological compensation system, designed the way of organization, legal protection, multi-assessment and monitoring mechanism to protect the operation of ecologicao compensation within one basin among different industries. What's more, this article constructed the improving mechanism of ecological compensation within one basin among different industries through the method of dynamic evolution.