Study On Extraction Technology And Physical-chemical Characteristics Of Plum Kernel Oil

The best extraction method of the plum kernel oil was studied in this thesis, together with the analysis of the Eigen-value of the oil and of fatty acid composition by GC-MS。The theoretical validity would be provided by the conclusion of this study.First of all, the best plum kernel oil extraction method by organic solvent, based on using plum kernel as raw material, was studied. The effect of different factors on the extraction efficiency was considered respectively, such as different organic solvent, water temperatures, time and proportion of slurry and so forth, with orthogonal experiment done based on the single-factor testing and optimization of the extraction techniques. It was indicated from the result of the test that the plum kernel oil extraction rate was 40.12% with petroleum benzene as extraction solvent, putting the mixture, the proportion of 1:7compound, in 60℃water for 21.5hours.Secondly, the best plum kernel oil method by SCCO2 extraction technology was studied. The single-factor experiments for all potential factors affecting the course of plum kernel oil extraction by SCCO2 liquid extraction technology was studied, such as extraction duration, stress, temperatures, CO2 flow rate and resolution stress and so forth, followed by orthogonal experiment based on the best index.The more suitable extraction conditions were concluded:extraction stress 35 MPa, temperature 50℃, CO2flow rate 15L/h, extraction duration 2.5h and resolution stress 10 MPa. In this way, the oil extraction rate reached to 55.2 %,which was 15.08% higher than that extraction by petroleum benzene, with transparence,full-bodied fragrant of oil.Thirdly, the physical & chemical characteristics of the plum kernel oil, based on the oil extracted by SCCO2, such as relative density, refractive index, viscosity, tincture & acid value, saponification value, iodine value, acetyl value, peroxide value and so forth, was studied. Compared with the index of Chinese edible fat standard, it showed that the acid and peroxide values of the nut oil were both lower than the index of Chinese edible fat standard, meeting the standard of edible oil.Finally, The fatty acid composition of the plum kernel oil, undergoing methyl-esterization by GC-MS, was studied. Totally,11 materials of which the main proportion was unsaturated fatty acid with 51.57% of the octadecenic acid were found. For the very first time, theβ-sitosterol which can reduce cholesterin had been found in the plum kernel oil suggesting that the plum kernel oil would be utilized as a new resource of edible oil.