Study On Extraction Of Almond Oil And Amygdalin From Apricot-kernel

In this paper, using the bitter almond as raw material, almond oil was extracted by the solvent which is the hexane; studying the refining methods and the technology parameters;using the apricot-kernel leavings which has extracted oil as raw material,amygdalin was extracted by absolute alcohol, in order to promote the extraction rate of amygdalin;studying the optimized the parameters of amygdalin process by hot dipped and MAE,the results as follows:(1) the study of the single effect of material and solvent ratio, temperature, time on extracting rate of almond oil is introduced. By using orthogonal test, it is concluded that the optimum condition is 1:10 of material and solvent ratio 60℃, extracting time 60 min.(2) the refining methods and the technology parameters:removing the phospholipids by water, free fatty acids by lye,sesearching on the effect of de-colorization of two deodorants which are the activated carbon and activated clay in different dosage, Add volume, discoloration temperature, the optimum technological conditions are: the quality of Activated Clay is 4℅, 60℃,10min mixed.(3) the effect of Lab,peroxide value and acid on almond oil storage period by different materials and doses of TBHQ;the results was the glass is prefer to PA?PE, the effect of antioxidant of 0.01 % and 0.02 % TBHQ were all well,on oil oxidized processing,the peroxide were less.after 6 months,the peroxide of oil which by the glass storage is 7.6±0.2 meq/kg,the collator is 23±1 meq/kg,which is 3.03 times by the glass storaged,the color of almond oil is change slowly by added the TBHQ,which is important to storage almond oil.(4) according to BOX-Behnken central composition design principle, with SAS8.0-statistical data analysis software and the method of response surface, the optimum extract conditions were obtained, it is concluded that the optimum condition is ration of apricot-kernel powder to absolute alcohol 1∶13.18,time 110min,and extract temperature 78.6℃,under these conditions, two times extracted, the extraction rate of amygdalin is up to 4.2 %.(5) Extraction technology of the amygdalin from almond with microwave-assisted extraction was studied.the solvent was absolute alcohol,and amygdalin was analyzed by HPLC method. Several factors, such as ratio of material and liquor, extraction time and extraction temperature were investigated and the optimal MAE conditions were obtained from the orthogonal test. Under the microwave power 500W, the optimal MAE conditions are follows: ratio of material and liquor is 1∶6, extraction temperature is 75℃,extraction time is 15min and 2 times extract, the extraction ratio is 4.09℅.