| Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) which have carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic. PAHs can be absorbed directly through respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, skin, or through the food chain, accumulated in animals and humans. PAHs have a long-term harm to human health and the environment. The problem of PAHs pollution has caused a great attention from environmental scientists around the world. PAHs are a class of numerous and harmful pollutants in the Songhua River. In order to save money and ensure economic development while protecting environment, we need to control and govern the important pollutants, key pollution sources and key polluting industries. Therefore, we need to analyze the sources of PAHs in Songhua River of Jilin city section.Pollutants source apportionment studies origin from the research of atmospheric particles and have developed more mature now. The studies on source apportionment of water environment are still less. Source apportionment of PAHs in water environment focuses more on sediment; however, source apportionment on water is relatively rare. At present, there are many examples using qualitative sources apportionment, such as ratios and isomer ratios. These methods just tell the category of pollution source, they do not give the contribution of pollution sources. Quantitative source apportionment methods mainly include fugacity model, factor analysis/principal component analysis, multiple linear regression and chemical mass balance model and so on.16 EPA priority control PAHs during different water period in Jilin city section of Songhua River were investigated in order to know the PAHs contamination degree, including in water and in sediment. Using ratios and factor analysis combined with multiple linear regression, analyzed the sources of PAHs in Songhua River, Jilin city section. According to the concentration of PAHs in water sample, the pollution situation in Jilin city section of Songhua River is not serious. Many dangerous PAHs (above 5-ring) are not detected. Only individual sites have detected BaP. Except the normal period (June,2010), the concentrations of every samples accord with the standard limits of "surface water environment quality standards" (GB3838-2002). Polluted situation is:normal period (June,2010)>flood period (August,2009)>icebound period (January,2010). The temporal distribution influence is not obvious.16 priority control PAHs are all detected in sediment samples. And the concentrations and types are much higher than the water samples, especially in 4-6 ring. Single PAH concentration in sediments is lower than EPA standards. But the existence of BbF, BkF, InP and BghiP will have adverse biological effect to aquatic organisms, also Will do harm to human's health safety.We calculated the H/L ratios and isomer ratios of PAHs in water samples and sediment samples; preliminary inferred that the dominant source of PAHs in water and sediment was petroleum source in Songhua River, Jilin city section. The vehicle emission, diesel and coal combustions are also the sources of sediment samples.Using factor analysis and multiple linear regression to get the pollution contribution of every factors during different water periods. The dominant source of flood period of water samples is the petroleum source, followed by the traffic source. The dominant source of icebound period also is the petroleum source, followed by the coal combustion. The pollution source of normal period is mainly reflected in the mixed sources, also the petroleum source and the coal combustion account for a large proportion. The dominant source of flood period of sediment samples is the petroleum source, followed by the coal combustion. The main PAHs source of normal period of sediment samples is the petroleum source, followed by the traffic sourceThe dominant sources of every period in water and sediment are all the petroleum source in Songhua River, Jilin city section.
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