| With China's industrialization, urbanization and the rapid expansion of production, accidents in coal mining, transportation, and fire have also occurred frequently, which restricted the economics'steady development and society's harmony and stability. Safety associates with the vital interests of the people, and is widely concerned by government, media and public. Report of the 17th CPC Congress proposed to stick to the "safe development". How to effectively regulate safety management and reduce safety incidents has become an important problem in ensuring people-oriented scientific development.Safety signs which have been widely applied to construction, mining and other industrial production and in infrastructure play an important role in accident prevention, hazard warning, and behavior guiding. They are known as the safety measures in the last line of defense. Warning signal words are used to attract attention as well as convey risk information, indicating a specific risk level of a potential hazard situation.Most traditional warning research adopted questionnaire method. With the development of the safety science, it emerged safety behavioral science, safety psychology and other frontiers of science. Meanwhile, more and more social science research began to conduct perspective from behavioral level to psychological level or even neural level. The emergence of neural industrial engineering and neuromanagement provide a new perspective for the safety sign research.This study focused on the experimental study for information processing of warning signal words in the theory context of safety behavioral science, safety psychology and neural industrial engineering. It integrated the using of psychological experiment and event-related potentials experiment, and also the questionnaire method for subsidiary. This study explored the neural, psychological and behavioral responses to warning signal words and discussed the cognitive process on these words. The results revealed that:1) The processing of warning signal words is divided into two stages:early perception and detection stage, and the later evaluation stage. The early stage is reflected by P200 and the later stage by LPP.2) Differences in degree of subjective risk perception for warning signal words can be reflect in behavioral ERPs results of the experiments. Warning signal words which are subjectively perceived as high risk reflect shorter reaction time and higher P200 and LPP.3) Warning signal words can convey different risk information. In experiment 1, high-risk signal words attenuated to some extent, and when targets appeared in left, the inhibition of return effect for high-risk words eliminated significantly. In experiment 2, signal words of high risk level elicited significantly augmented LPP wave.4) The cognition process of warning signal words is affected by emotion. From different perspectives, both experiment 1 and 2 revealed the lateralization effect when processing warning signal words. High-risk warning words are prone to negative emotional stimuli, therefore showed somewhat right hemisphere effect. The cognition of warning signal words includes the emotional process.The practical guidance of the results is as follow.1) The designer of safety signs should consider the receiver's possible emotional state. Safety signs should be concise, conspicuous, and easy to understand.2) The training on safety is necessary. Through training, safety signs can be understood by people, and when facing accident, people can be easy to make rational decision.3) It should be considered that the list of warning signal words be increased in order to avoid the problem of desensitization and habituation caused by overuse of the same words.
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