The Growth Of One Dimensional Na₂SiF₆ Nanomaterials And The Fabrication Of Inorganic Nanotubes Based On This Water-soluble Template

One-dimensional nano materials show potential applications in many fields such as optoelectronic, electrochemical and electromechanical devices due to their unique electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. Among them, nanotubes receive much interest because of their hollow nanostructure. The commonly used strategies for the synthesis of nanotubes are template-free method and template-assisted method. For template-free methods, the target materials should have inherent layer structure, indicate a non-universal method. For template-assisted methods, the harsh conditions for removing the template like AAO may destroy the nanotubes and the yield is low. Therefore, it remains a challenge to explore new templates for simple and large-scale synthesis of nanotubes.In the dissertation, Na2SiF6 one-dimensional nanostructures were firstly fabricated via chemical reaction in polyol system. Na2SiF6 nanowires could be acheived in ethylene glycol system via assistance of surfactants. It was found that PAA plays a key role in the formations of nanowires. PAA is not only a kind of acid which promote the Na2SiF6 formation, but also promote the crystal growth along ID direction by selected absorption onto some planes of the nuclei. The reaction temperature and reaction time lso affect the morphology of the nanowires. Na2SiF6 nanorods and nanotubes could be obtained in diethylene glycol system. It is indicated that trong acid condition is essential to synthesize the Na2SiF6 nanorods. Moreover, ordered Na2SiF6 nanotubes were obtained if the solvent was not stirred in the presence of excessive PAA. It is possible that the excessive PAA transform into liquid crystalline phase under this condition, and could be used as templates for the synthesis of ordered nanotubes.Na2SiF6 nanowires were chosen as templates to prepare various types of nanotubes. The deposition of Pt, CdS, SnO2 and ZnS Mn4+ on to the surface of Na2SiF6 nanowires were carefully investigated. It is found that slow reaction rate and the residual PAA on the surface of nanowires are key factors to obtain high quality core-shell nanowires structure. Large quantity of Pt, CdS, SnO2 and ZnS:Mn4+ nanotubes were obtained by simply rinsing the templates. It is believed that the water-soluble 1D nanostructures could be a universal template to synthesize nanotubes.